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Scott Joplin
Joplin, an American composer, was born in 1867 and died in 1917. He popularized ragtime. He also wrote an opera, marches, anad waltzes. -
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Charles Ives
Ives, an American composer, was born in 1874 and died in 1954. He had some of the most innovative and original works during the 20th century. His works consisted of songs, orchestral sets, symphonies, chamber music, writings, band music, piano works. He worked mostly alone. In order to make ends meet, he made his money by selling insurance. -
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Igor Stravinsky
Stravinsky, a Russian composer, was born in 1882 and died in 1971. He wrote symphonies, opera, chamber music., choral music, ballets, and operas. He was seen as versatile and interesting composers in the 20th century on rhythm and harmony. -
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Louis Durey
Durey, a French composer, was born n 1889 and died in 1979. His compositions consisted of stage, chamber, orchestra, piano, and film works. He was a part of Les Six. During Les Six, Durey instigated the first album and then left the group. He also wrote French resistence songs during World War II. During the Vietnam war he wrote protest music. In 1936, he turned to communism. He was also anti-USA. -
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Sergei Prokofiev
Prokofiev, a Russian composer, was born in 1891 and died in 1953. He wrote symphonies, concerto, songs, operas, films, chamber music, dramatic music, ballets, choral music, and piano works. He was seen as a Russian voice in Western culture -
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Arthur Honegger
Honegger, a Swiss composer, was born in 1892 and died in 1955. He was a part of Les Six. His main compositions were choral, chamber, and symphonic. These compositions covered all genres. He admired Bach. When composing, Honegger wrote many works for commission. He appreciated the architecture of music. -
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Darius Milhaud
Milhaud, a French composer, was born in 1892 and died in 1974. He was a part of Les Six. He was friends with Satie and Tailleferre. His main compositions were operas, films, choral, organ, and children's works. In these compositions he used polytonality and some jazz influences. When studying music, he studied Debussy but immediately rejected his ideas. When composing, he traveled to Brazil and brought back musical influences. -
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Germaine Tailleferre
Tailleferre, a French composer, was born in 1892 and died in 1983. She was a par of Les Six. She wrote in every medium. Her compositions were 12 operas, film/tv scores, choral music, piano music, chamber music, 4 ballets, songs, and orchestral works. She was known to be too modest and shy about her works. Milhaud was her main source of encouragement to continue composing. -
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George Gershwin
Gershwin, an American composer, was born in 1898 and died in 1937. He wrote stage works, film scores, songs, instumental and piano works. He was a conductor working mainly in Hollywood. He influenced Jazz and Pop music -
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Georges Auric
Auric, a French composer, was born in 1899 and died in 1983. He was a part of Les Six. He studied composition. He wrote songs, piano works, chamber music, ballets, and 1 opera. By 15 years old, he had written over 200 works. With his works, he wrote as a neo-classicist. He also wrote for French film. In France, he was in charge of SACEM, which is the French copyright system. Along with these jobs, he was also a music journalist. -
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Francais Poulenc
Poulence, a French composer, was born in 1899 and died in 1963. -
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Louis Armstrong
Armstrong, an American composer, was born in 1900 and died in 1971. He revolutionized jaxx. He sang, directed bands, and played the trumpet. His main works ere for the trumpet. -
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Aaron Copland
Copland, an American composer, was born in 1900 and died in 1990. He is one of the most popular 20th century composers writing for opera, symphony, ballet, film, choral, piano, chamber, concertos, and published writings. -
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Oliver Messiaen
Messaien, a French composer and teacher, was born in 1908 and died in 1992. He is known for incorporating bird songs into his compositions. He believed that art is the ideal expression of religious faith. -
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John Cage
Cage, an American composer and philosopher, was born in 1912 and died in 1992. He is seen as the most innovative in 20th century music. His works are seen as nontraditional. His definition of music related to the organization of sound. He composed piano, chamber, tape, and vocal works along with writings. He was seen as the center of avant-garde music. Within is music he used indeterminacy. -
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Milton Babbitt
Babbitt, an American composer, was born in 1916 and died in 2011. He wrote an article for High Fidelity magazine "The Composer as Specialist" which got manipulated under the title "Who Cares if You Listen." He wrote chamber music, orchestral music, vocal works, and tape music. -
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Leonard Bernstein
Bernstein, an American conductor, teacher, and composer, was born in 1918 and died in 1990. He wrote dramatic works, film scores, chamber and choral music, and songs. He also filmed lectured and documentaries. He brought classical music to the public on various forms of media. -
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György Ligeti
Ligeti, a Hungarian composer, was born in 1923 and died in 2006. He was very active in electronic music. His compositions included cluster sounds. His well known music is in 2001: A Space Odyssey. He also wrote choral music, chamber music. and orchestral works. -
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Pierre Boulez
Boulez, a French composer, was born in 1925 and died in 2016. He was also an author and conductor. Boulez advocated and used total serialism. His works include piano, vocal, chamber, and orchestral as well as writings. A famous quote by him is "all art of the past must be destroyed." He is the msot important composer for the French avant-garde. -
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Luciano Berio
Berio, an Italian composer, was born in 1925 and died in 2003. He is known as the leading Italian composer during the 20th century. His works consisted of orchestral, vocal, chamber, tape, and dramatic works. He also wrote. Him dying made Italy fall behind in international compositions. -
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Karlheinz Stockhausen
Stockhausen, a German composer, was born in 1928 and died in 2007. He was also a teacher, theorist, and conductor. His main focus was modern, electronic music. His works consisted of tape, piano, songs, electronic, and choral. He also wrote. -
George Crumb
Crumb, an American composer, was born in 1929. His most popular works were during the Vietnam war. His works are vocal, chamber, sonatas, madrigals, and string quartets. He used non-Western musical idioms. -
John Williams
Williams, an American conductor and composer, was born in 1932. He has written 80 scores for films. He has also written orchestral scores. His most known works are Star Wars, Indiana Jones, and Jaws. -
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Henryk Górecki
Górecki, a Polish composer, was born in 1933 and died in 2010. His works were mostly neo-tonal which attributed to his popularity and success. He used slow harmonic movements in a minimalist form. His compositions are symphonies, orchestral, chamber, choral, vocal, and piano works. Before 1970, his music was dissonant and serial. -
Philip Glass
Glass, an American composer, was born in 1937. He is an innovator for minimalism. He wrote dramatic works, orchestral and vocal works as well as piano works. -
John Adams
Adams, an American composer and conductor, was born in 1947. He wrote operas, vocal works, chamber music, piano works. band music, and orchestral works. He expanded new language of minimalism and neo-romanticism. He is a leading composer in post-minimalist music.