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The 13th Amendment (African Americans)
This Amendment ended/ abolished slavery. The southern states had a hard time following this. -
The 14th Amendment (ALL)
All U.S. citizens were given the right of citizenship, due process of law, and equal protection of the law. The 14th amendment has become one of the most used amendments in court to date regarding the equal protection clause. -
The 15th Amendment (African Americans, Chicanos, Native Americans/ ALL men can vote BUT no women)
Gave every male the right to vote no matter the race or color but didn’t allow any women to vote. -
Plessy v. Ferguson (African Americans)
This case brought attention to things that are equal as long as they are separated (“separate but equal”), leaving issues like segregation to rise which isn’t equal. The case chose in favor of allowing discrimination and calling it equal in benefit to white people. -
The Creation of the NAACP (African Americans)
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was created to help fight for African American rights and founded by W.E.B. Du Bois. -
The 19th Amendment (ALL Women)
Gave ALL women the right to vote. -
Executive Order 9981 (ALL men)
Did not allow for discrimination based on color, race, religion, or national origin in the military presented by President Truman. -
Brown v. Board of Education (African Americans)
Integrated public schools only and overturned the “separate but equal” ruling of Plessy v. Ferguson. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott (African Americans)
A civil rights protest where African Americans, for example, Rosa Parks, didn’t ride the buses to protest against segregation. -
Little Rock 9 (African Americans)
President Eisenhower used the National Gaurd to protect and escort 9 African American students to enter a high school. They were prevented to go in even after segregation laws in public schools were removed. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957 (ALL but main purpose for African Americans)
The Civil Rights Section of the Justice Department and the removal of any limitation for one’s right to vote was established by President Eisenhower. -
Greensboro, NC Sit-ins (African Americans)
As a civil protest against segregation, 4 African American students were denied service while at a whites-only sit-in and didn’t leave due to this dehumanizing action. -
Chicano Movement (Mural Movement)(Chicanos)
A Mexican- American civil rights movement in which those artists painted many murals along the sides of public buildings in order to showcase their culture. -
Freedom Riders (African Americans and later ALL)
A Civil Rights group/activists that protested laws that didn’t follow integration in southern states- Jim Crow south. -
Cesar Chavez (Chicanos)
He was a Latino American civil rights activist and co-founded the National Farm Workers Association. -
Dr. King's: "Letter from a Birmingham Jail" (African Americans)
MLK explains and defends his actions of nonviolent protest against racism while imprisoned. -
March on Washington: “I have a dream” speech (ALL, mainly African Americans)
He presents a speech calling for an end to racism in the United States and also for civil and economic rights. -
The 24th Amendment (ALL)
Made poll tax illegal in elections. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964 (ALL)
Discrimination against people based on color, sex, race, religion, or national origin was outlawed by LBJ and it also outlawed any practice of unequal voting, education, jobs, and public uses. -
Black Panthers (African Americans)
A political organization that criticized and challenged the policing system in the United States due to constant police brutality against the African American community. -
MLK Assassinated (African Americans)
MLK was assassinated by James Earl Ray outside his hotel room in Memphis, TN. -
American Indian Movement (AIM) (Native Americans)
Formed to address police harassment and racism against Native Americans and more injustices with the intention to create economic independence.
