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G.I. Bill
One of the most far reaching pieces of social legislations in American history. Aimed at rewarding members of the armed forces for their service and preventing the widespread unemployment and economic disruption. It helped many veterans attended college, received home mortgages, compensated. It also provided training, loans, unemployment compensation, and job counseling, for American soldiers. -
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Civil Rights
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Iron Curtain
It was the name of the boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II until the end of the Cold War. It restricted their ability to travel outside the region. The Soviet dominated the East side and the US dominated the West. A term popularized by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill to describe the Soviet Union's policy of isolation during the Cold War. The barrier isolated Eastern Europe. -
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The Cold War
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Truman Doctrine
President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology. He changed American Foreign Policy, to enable the USA to get involved with European affairs. The US gave $400 million to Greece because the money would go towards anti-communist groups, to help towards the Policy of Containment. It ended the period of isolationism in America, whereby America wouldn't get involved in international relations. -
Marshall Plan
The United States gave over $13 billion in economic assistance to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of World War II. USA helped rebuild Europe by giving them money. This would increase foreign trade and prevent communism. They also wanted to open markets for American goods and further boost the economy of the United States. -
Berlin Airlift
The Berlin Blockade was one of the first major international crises of the Cold War. A 327-day operation in which the U.S. and British planes flew food and supplies into West Berlin after the Soviets blockaded the city. The Allies not only wanted to help the people, but they also did not want them to become Communist sympathizers. Every 30 seconds an airlift would land to aid Berlin with supplies. -
Elvis Presley
He was a symbol of the rock-and-roll movement of the 1950s when teenagers began to form their own subculture, dismaying to conservative parents. It created a youth culture that ridiculed phony and pretentious middle-class Americans, celebrated uninhibited sexuality and spontaneity. It foreshadowed the coming counterculture of the 1960s. He is often referred to as the "King of Rock and Roll" or simply "the King". -
Beat Generation
A group of American writers who came to prominence. Central elements of "Beat" culture include a rejection of mainstream American values, experimentation with drugs and alternate forms of sexuality, and an interest in Eastern spirituality. They had mixed backgrounds who battled change in social norm of society among themselves. They fought for "freedom" and some leaders were Allen Ginsberg and Gary Snyder. -
Joseph McCarthy
He spent almost five years trying in vain to expose communists and other left-wing “loyalty risks” in the U.S. government. He tried to convince many Americans that their government was packed with traitors and spies. McCarthyism is a term referring to Senator Joseph McCarthy and is common saying for reckless and unsubstantiated accusations and public attacks. -
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The 1950's
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Albert Sabin
A Polish American medical researcher who is known for developing an oral vaccine for polio and used it to allow for the eradication of polio. His intention was not to practice medicine, however; he wanted to be a medical researcher. Toward the end of his medical education he began to work with Thomas Francis Jr., who was to be his mentor for many years and together they worked together trying to develop a flu vaccine. -
Duck and Cover
A civil defense training film that was widely distributed to United States schoolchildren. After the Soviet Union exploded its first atomic bomb in 1949, the American public was understandably nervous. It advised students on what to do in the event of a nuclear explosion. Whether you are in your home, a school classroom, a high-rise or other type of building, it is important to know how to protect yourself when you hear the alarms going off. -
Dr. Jonas Salk
Salk was an American biologist and physician best known for the research and development of a killed-virus polio vaccine. He helped to invent an influenza vaccine while he was in college and researched AIDS. The downfall is that it was very expensive so it mainly helped middle and upper class citizens. -
Bill Haley and the Comets
They were an American rock and roll band until Haley's death in 1981. Bill Haley was had been a country performer but later on changed his music direction to a new sound called rock and roll. The band's matching plaid dinner jackets and energetic stage behavior, many fans consider them to be as revolutionary in their time as the Beatles were a decade later. -
Brown vs Board of Education
Supreme Court decision that overturned the Plessy vs. Ferguson decision. It was led by Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Court ruled that "separate but equal" schools for blacks were inherently unequal and thus unconstitutional. The decision energized the Civil Rights Movement. It was a case which supreme court upheld Jim Crow laws in Louisiana. The court counter-argued that discrimination is black peoples fast in the first place because they "feel" like they are different. -
Nikita Khrushchev
A Soviet statesman who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. He was responsible for the De-Stalinization of the USSR, as well as several liberal reforms ranging from agriculture to foreign policy. Named party secretary in 1953, three years later he became premier. His rise ended collective leadership, but he never commanded the extraordinary powers of Stalin. -
Ike Turner
He was an American musician, bandleader, songwriter, arranger, talent scout, and record producer. He is commonly known for his work with then-wife Tina Turner in the Ike & Tina Turner Revenue. With Tina Turner he graduated to larger labels Blue Thumb and United Artists. He also recorded many R&B record labels during the 1950's and was inducted into the Rock and Roll hall of Fame. -
Little Richard
Richard Wayne Penniman, known as Little Richard, is an American musician, songwriter, singer, and actor. He is known as the architect of Rock & Roll. His dynamic music and charismatic showmanship laid the foundation for rock and roll. His music also influenced the start of soul and funk, & it helped shape up rhythm and blues. His performances and headline-making thrust his career right into the mix of American popular music -
Fair Deal
Domestic reform proposals of the second Truman administration in which included civil rights legislation and repeal of the Taft-Harley Act, but only extensions of some New Deal programs were enacted. It called for higher minimum wage, housing and full employment. It led only to the Housing Act of 1949 and the Social Security Act of 1950 due to opposition in congress. It planned to redistribute income among people and transfer wealth from the very rich to the very poor. -
Polio Vaccine
Polio is a virus that enters through thee mouth and can cause paralysis,meningitis, and even death. The polio vaccine was a serum antibodies to neutralize the virus in the blood stream. here are two types: one that uses inactivated polio virus and is given by injection, and one that uses weakened polio virus and is given by mouth. -
Emmett Till Tragedy
He was accused of flirting or whistling at a woman in which she later told her husband Roy. Several nights after the store incident, Roy and his half brother abducted Emmett Till and they beat & mutilated the body before shooting him in the head and throwing his body in the river. Till's body was returned to Chicago where his mother insisted on a public funeral service with an open casket. -
Orval Faubus
Orval Eugene Faubus was an American politician who served as 36th Governor of Arkansas from 1955 to 1967. He was the governor of Arkansas during the time of the Little Rock Crisis. He attempted to block the integration of the school by using the national guard, leading to a confrontation with the Eisenhower and ultimately integration of the school. At the end of the school year Faubus closes all Arkansas public schools to end integration. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama. It was a seminal event in the Civil Rights Movement. Sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks on 1 December 1955, the Montgomery Bus Boycott was a 13-month mass protest that ended with the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses is unconstitutional. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
It was the first civil rights legislation since Reconstruction. The new act established the Civil Rights Section of the Justice Department and empowered federal prosecutors to obtain court injunctions against interference with the right to vote. Originally proposed by Attorney General Herbert Brownell, the Act marked the first occasion since Reconstruction that the federal government undertook significant legislative action to protect civil rights,it was signed by President Eisenhower. -
Period: to
The 1960's
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Bay of Pigs
CIA plot to overthrow Fidel Castro by training Cuban exiles to invade & supporting them with American air power; the mission failed & became a public relations disaster early in JFK's presidency.CIA launched what its leaders believed would be the definitive strike: a full-scale invasion of Cuba by 1,400 American-trained Cubans who had fled their homes when Castro took over. The invaders were badly outnumbered by Castro’s troops, and they surrendered after less than 24 hours of fighting -
Peace Corps
A federal agency created by President Kennedy in 1961 to promote voluntary service by Americans in foreign countries, it provides labor power to help developing countries improve their infrastructure, health care, educational systems, and other aspects of their societies. Part of Kennedy's New Frontier vision, the organization represented an effort by postwar liberals to promote American values and influence through productive exchanges across the world. -
Freedom Rides
Organized mixed-race groups who rode interstate buses deep into the South to draw attention to and protest racial segregation. This effort by northern young people to challenge racism proved a political &public relations success for the Civil Rights Movement. when seven blacks and six whites left Washington DC, on two public buses bound for the Deep South. They intended to test the Supreme Court's ruling, which declared segregation in interstate bus and rail stations unconstitutional. -
Hippies
Believed in anti-materialism, free use of drugs, they had a casual attitude toward sex and anti-conformity, practiced free love and took drugs, flocked to San Francisco- low rent/interracial, they lived in communal "crash pads", smoked marijuana and took LSD, sexual revolution, new counter culture, Protesters who influenced US involvement in Vietnam. Moreover, a lot of the people part of the counterculture became artists, photographers, filmmakers, and authors. -
LSD
Was trying to making a drug for pharmaceuticals Sandoz for respiratory and circulation stimulant. The project was ignored until April 16th 1943 when he accidentally absorbed on his fingertips. LSD stands for a synthetic crystalline compound, lysergic acid diethylamide. Most common hallucinogen and is one of the most potent mood-changing chemicals produced from lysergic acid. It was used by teenagers who were hippies heavily during this time. -
Lee Harvey Oswald
Lee Harvey Oswald was an American Marxist and ex-Marine who assassinated United States President John F. Kennedy. Lee Harvey Oswald killed President John F. Kennedy using a 6.5 mm Carcano Model 91/38. He shot Kennedy from the 6th floor of the Texas School Book Depository Building. 40 minutes after killing Kennedy Lee Harvey Oswald killed a Dallas Police Officer named J.D. Tippit. He was killed, 2 days after being arrested, by Jack Ruby. -
Birmingham March
MLK moves the new center of protest to Birmingham. Black protests work this time: police attack protesters. Unexpectedly, black residents of Birmingham fight back against police and defend the activists. SCLC agrees to end the protests, but only if more blacks are hired and the city enforces desegregation. Segregationists protest the agreement violently, forcing JFK to send fed troops to restore order. -
“I Have a Dream Speech”
The purpose of the "I have a dream speech" was to stop segregation in the south, making everyone equal, and keeping peace. The speech took place On the steps of the Washington D.C., Lincoln Memorial during the march on Washington. During the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, in which he calls for an end to racism in the United States and called for civil and economic rights. A year later after his speech, the Civil Rights Law was passed down. -
Assassination of JFK
In 1963 in Dallas, riding in a parade to drum up support for the upcoming presidential election in 1964, JFK was shot twice by Lee Harvey Oswald and pronounced dead at Parkland hopsital. He was shot in the head and the left shoulder, John Connally was also hit by one of the bullets during the assassination. Jackie Kennedy rawled onto the trunk of the limousine to retrieve a piece of his brain. -
Daisy Girl Ad
A controversial political advertisement aired on television, United States presidential election by incumbent president Lyndon B. Johnson's campaign. It is considered a factor in Johnson's landslide victory over Barry Goldwater and an important turning point in political and advertising history. Goldwater's campaign suggested a willingness to use nuclear weapons in situations when others would find that acceptable, something which Johnson sought to capitalize on. -
Freedom Summer
A voter registration drive in Mississippi spearheaded by the collaboration of civil rights groups, the campaign drew the activism of thousands of black and white civil rights workers, many of whom were students from the north, and was marred by the abduction and murder of three such workers at the hands of white racists. To register as many African American voters as possible. Mississippi had previously outlawed African American voters almost entirely. -
Great Society
It aimed to extend the postwar prosperity to all people in American society by promoting civil rights and fighting poverty, including programs such as the War on Poverty (expanded the Social Security system by creating Medicare and Medicaid to provide health care for the aged and poor). Johnson also signed laws protecting consumers and empowering community organizations to combat poverty at grassroots level. -
Jack Ruby
Jack Ruby was the murderer of Lee Harvey Oswald who shot John F. Kennedy. He was a local bar owner and he pretended to be a reporter when he shot Oswald. He shot Lee Harvey Oswald as he was being transported to jail live on national television. Jack Ruby who proclaimed to be avenging the death of JFK. -
Barry Goldwater
LBJ was opposed by this Republican Arizona senator who attacked the federal income tax, the Social Security system, the Tennessee Valley Authority, civil rights legislation, the nuclear test-ban treaty, and the Great Society. Votes against the 1964 Civil Rights Act because he believes its unconstitutional - the government can't change racial prejudices, its a matter of the hearts and minds not the law. -
Selma March
Protesters were attempting to march from Selma to the state capital of Montgomery in which they were met with violent resistance by state and local authorities. They helped raise awareness of the difficulty faced by black voters in the South, and the need for a Voting Rights Act, passed later that year. Martin Luther King lead the march with 600 other brave people. This took 5 days and was 54 miles long. -
Ascendancy of Lyndon Johnson
Upon taking office, Johnson launched an ambitious slate of progressive reforms aimed at creating a “Great Society” for all Americans. Many of the programs he championed—Medicare, Head Start, the Voting Rights Act and the Civil Rights Act—had a profound and lasting impact in health, education and civil rights. Despite his impressive achievements, however, Johnson’s legacy was marred by his failure to lead the nation out of the quagmire of the Vietnam War. -
Apollo 11
Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two humans on the Moon. The primary objective of Apollo 11 was to complete a national goal set by President John F. Kennedy. Additional flight objectives included scientific exploration by the lunar module, or LM, crew; deployment of a television camera to transmit signals to Earth; and deployment of a solar wind composition experiment, seismic experiment package and a Laser Ranging Retroreflector. -
Warren Burger Supreme Court
The Warren Courth was the US supreme court under Chief Justice Earl Warren; an activist court that expanded the rights of criminal defendants and racial and religious minorities. The Burger Court was the US supreme court under Chief Justice Warren Burger, the burger court maintained most of the rights expanded by its predecessor and issued important rulings on abortion and sexual discrimination. -
Period: to
The 1970's
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Watergate Scandal
A break-in at the Democratic National Committee offices in the Watergate complex in Washington was carried out under the direction of White House employees. Nixon had government agents spy on Democrats so he could stay in office. The Supreme Court forced Nixon to give up videotapes that contained conversations about his plan. Disclosure of the White House involvement in the break-in and subsequent cover-up forced President Nixon to resign in 1974 to avoid impeachment. -
Equal Rights Amendment
A constitutional amendment originally introduced in Congress in 1923 and passed by Congress in 1972, stating that "equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex." Despite public support, the amendment failed to acquire the necessary support from three-fourths of the state legislatures. It also indicated that the Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. -
Endangered Species Act
It provided means for listing native animals/plants that are endangered and provided them with very limited protection. The Department of the Interior, Department of Agriculture, and Department of Defense all oversaw the act. 80 nations met in Washington DC and developed its first convention on the international trade on endangered animals. All federal agencies required to use authority to conserve listed species and to consult on any 'may-effect' situation or actions. -
Roe v. Wade
A 25-year-old single woman (aka Norma McCorvey) who challenged the criminal abortion laws in Texas that forbade abortion as unconstitutional except in cases where the mother's life was in danger. The case achieved court justices ruled that governments lacked the power to ban abortions, due to the decision protected by the 14th Amendment, with a ruling of 7-2. The decision that women have a right to abortion during the 1st two trimesters. -
The Heritage Foundation
The Heritage Foundation, a public policy that promotes the principles that made America great: free enterprise, limited government, individual freedom, traditional American values, and a strong national defense. Followers of Buckley and Friedman envisioned themselves as crusaders, working against what one conservative called "the despotic aspects of egalitarianism." It issued policy proposals and attacked liberal legislation. -
Federal Election Commission (FEC)
A six-member bipartisan agency created by the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1974. The federal Election Commission administers and enforces campaign finance laws. The FEC administers the campaign finance laws and enforces compliance with their requirements. By law, no more than three of the six members of the commission can be members of the same political party. During the election period, the commission collects and publishes all the sources of finance of all the running candidates -
Camp David Accords
The Camp David Accords were the peace accords signed by Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat to finally end the Israeli-Egyptian disputes. The achievement by Carter is considered his greatest achievement in office. An historic peace agreement negotiated between Egypt and Israel at the U.S. Presidential retreat at Camp David, Maryland; under the pact Israel agreed to return captured territory to Egypt and to negotiate Palestinian autonomy in the West Bank and Gaza Strip -
The Moral Majority
Political organization of the United States which had an agenda of evangelical Christian-oriented political lobbying. Formed by Jerry Falwell. Organization made up of conservative Christian political action committees which campaigned on issues its personnel believed were important to maintaining its Christian conception of moral law. This group pressured for legislation that would ban abortion and ban the states' acceptance of homosexuality. -
Iran Hostage Crisis
US Embassy was seized Iranian militants and college students who claimed to be Khomeini's disciples. Carter was unable to free the hostages despite several attempts; to many this event symbolized the paralysis of American power.The Carter administration tried unsuccessfully to negotiate for.The day Carter left office, Iran released the Americans, ending their 444 days in captivity. -
Video Head System (VHS)
From the 1950s, magnetic tape video recording became a major contributor to the television industry, via the first commercialized video tape recorders. In the 1970s, videotape entered home use, creating the home video industry and changing the economics of the television and movie businesses. The television industry viewed videocassette recorders (VCRs) as having the power to disrupt their business, while television users viewed the VCR as the means to take control of their hobby. -
Robert Johnson
Robert Leroy Johnson was an American blues singer-songwriter and musician. His landmark recordings in 1936 and 1937 display a combination of singing, guitar skills, and songwriting talent that has influenced later generations of musicians. One Faustian myth says that he sold his soul to the devil at a local crossroads of Mississippi highways to achieve success. Johnson is now recognized as a master of the blues, particularly of the Mississippi Delta blues style. -
Period: to
The 1980's
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Jimmy Carter
James Earl Carter Jr. is an American politician who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. He previously was the 76th Governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975, after two terms in the Georgia State Senate from 1963 to 1967. He created the Department of Energy and the Department of Education. He criticized for his return of the Panama Canal Zone; weakened presidency due to Iran hostage crisis, energy crisis, and inflation. -
Ronald Reagan
Ronald Wilson Reagan was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989. He believed in tax cuts and less government spending, cut out many welfare and public works programs, and used the Strategic Defense Initiative to avoid conflict. His meetings with Gorbachev were the first steps to ending the Cold War; responsible for the Iran-contra Affair which bought hostages with guns. He announced government is the problem. -
Space Shuttle Program
The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo. Its missions involved carrying large payloads to various orbits providing crew rotation for the space station, and performing service missions. The Shuttle is the only winged manned spacecraft to have achieved orbit and landing. -
Music Television (MTV)
MTV is an American cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Media Networks and headquartered in New York City. The channel originally aired music videos as guided by television. At first, MTV's main target demographic was young adults, but today it is primarily teenagers, particularly high school and college students. MTV has toned down its music video programming significantly in recent years, and its programming now consists mainly of original reality, comedy and drama. -
Sandra Day O'Connor
Sandra Day O'Connor is a retired Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving from her appointment in 1981 by Ronald Reagan to 2006. She served as the first female Majority Leader in the United States as the Republican leader in the Arizona Senate. She most frequently sided with the court's conservative bloc and tended to approach each case narrowly without arguing for sweeping precedents. -
Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) “Star Wars”
Popularly known as "Star Wars," President Reagan's SDI proposed the construction of an elaborate computer-controlled, anti-missile defense system capable of destroying enemy missiles in outer spaced. Critics claimed that SDI could never be perfected. It was mainly created to build a 'nuclear umbrella' that would stop soviet bombs from reaching America. Reagan launched an army of satellites with powerful lasers that could intercept soviet missiles in space and destroy them. -
Iran Contra Affair
A political scandal in the United States that came to light in November 1986. During the Reagan administration, senior Reagan Administration officials secretly facilitated the sale of arms to Iran, the subject of an arms embargo in hopes of securing the release of hostages and allowing U.S. intelligence agencies to fund the Nicaraguan Contras. Both of sending weapons and sending financial aid to rebel force were considered illegal. -
Reagan Doctrine
Oppose the global influence of the Soviet Union during the final years of the Cold War; U.S. provided overt and covert aid to anti-communist guerrillas and resistance movements in an effort to "rollback" Soviet-backed communist governments in Africa, Asia, and Latin America; opening the door for capitalism. It was a strategy orchestrated and implemented by the United States to overwhelm the global influence of the Soviet Union in an attempt to end the Cold War. -
Fall of the Berlin Wall
As the Cold War began to thaw across Eastern Europe, the spokesman for East Berlin's Communist Party announced a change in his city's relations with the West.As a result, the East German government was forced to announce much greater freedom of travel for East German citizens. The Soviet Union withdrew its troops from what was East Germany, British, French and US troops remained in Western Germany. The fall of the Berlin Wall symbolized the end of the Cold War. -
Balkans Crisis
Bosnian Muslims, Serbs, and Croats were killing each other by 10,000. Clinton eventually was forced to intervene, US led NATO forces launched a massive aerial bombardment of Serbia. States conducted an aerial bombardment of Serbia to stop Milosevic's policy of ethnic cleansing. It occurred when the communist government of Yugoslavia collapsed and its six provinces fought each other. -
Oprah Winfrey
Oprah was a kind lady who won the hearts of her viewers making her show very popular moving from last to first place in the ratings. In Oprah's first year of her new TV show she made 30 million dollars, due to the popularity she gained ownership from ABC which gave her the control of the company. . Oprah's show were different to other talk shows, instead she spoke about real problems such as women's troubles in society and the difficulties of mid class women. -
Black Entertainment Television (BET)
Black Entertainment Television is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the BET Networks division of Viacom. Programming on the network consists of original and acquired television series and theatrically and direct-to-video-released films.The network has also aired a variety of stand-up comedy, news, and current affairs programs, and formerly aired mainstream rap, hip-hop and R&B music videos. -
Period: to
The 1990's
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Hilary Clinton
Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton is an American politician who was the First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001 and served as the junior U.S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009 and 67th U.S. Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013. Prominent child care advocate and health care reformer in Clinton administration & won U.S. senate seat in 2000. Director of a task force charged with redesigning the medical-service industry. -
Rodney King Incident
An American best known for his involvement in a police brutality case involving the Los Angeles Police Department. The footage showed LAPD officers repeatedly striking King with their batons while other officers stood by watching, without taking any action to stop the beating. A later federal trial for civil rights violations ended with two of the officers found guilty and sent to prison and the other two officers acquitted. -
Bill Clinton
William Jefferson Clinton is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. Prior to the presidency, he was the Governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981, and again from 1983 to 1992. Advocated economic and healthcare reform; second president to be impeached due to a scandal with White House intern Monica Lewinsky. When in office he had a lot of controversial appointments. -
World Trade Center Attack
World Trade Center bombing was a terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, carried out on February 26, 1993, when a truck bomb detonated below the North Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City. The 1,336 pounds urea nitrate–hydrogen gas enhanced device was intended to send the North Tower crashing into the South Tower bringing both towers down and killing tens of thousands of people. It failed to do so but killed six people and injured over a thousand. -
George W. Bush
George Walker Bush is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States from 2001 to 2009. He was also the 46th Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000. Foreign policy dominated by war on terror, No child left behind, tax cuts, high deficits, major economic problems, proposed privatizing social security, international law, but wanted more domestic drilling to alleviate oil dependence, major contributions to HIV/AIDs. -
Lewinsky Affair
An American political scandal involving President Bill Clinton and intern Monica Lewinsky. Later Lewinsky testified that her first sexual encounter from Clinton took place on November 15, 1995. Although he repeatedly lied about the affair, he eventually was forced to admit to his relationship, leading the House Republicans to pass two articles of impeachment on the basis of perjury and obstruction of justice. -
Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA)
Is a law that, among other things, prohibited married same-sex couples from collecting federal benefits. It states that States don't have to recognize marriages from other states. Passed through Congress on overwhleming margin 1.Marriage = 1 man + 1 woman. Married couples could not get immigration benefits or social security benefits& majority of Americans were against gay marriage at this time. -
Ralph Nader
Ralph Nader is an American political activist, author, lecturer, and attorney, noted for his involvement in consumer protection, environmentalism and government reform causes. Who promotes the environment, fair consumerism, and social welfare programs. His book Unsafe at Any Speed brought attention to the lack of safety in American automobiles. -
Al Gore
Albert Arnold Gore Jr. is an American politician and environmentalist who served as the 45th Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. His running caused on of the closest elections in history and a fiasco with the voting system. Ran for President in 2000 and won popular vote but lost Electoral College. -
John McCain
Republican senator from Arizona who lost the 2008 Presidential election to Democrat Barack Obama. A former Navy fighter pilot who spent five years as a prisoner of war in North Vietnam, he was known as a maverick senator, frequently departing from his own party to cosponsor moderate legislation with Democratic allies. John Sidney McCain III is an American politician serving as the senior United States Senator from Arizona. -
Period: to
Contemporary
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9/11 attacks
The United States was attacked by nineteen young men who were originally from Saudi Arabia but trained with Al Qaeda in Afghanistan. Four planes were hijacked and used as weapons. Two planes crashed into the North and South Towers of the World Trade Center in New York City. One plane crashed into the Pentagon outside of Washington, D.C. and the last plane crashed in a field in Pennsylvania. Osama Bin Laden planned, raised funds, recruited young men and organized the attack. -
No Child Left Behind Education Act
Its part of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, a re-authorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA). NCLB sets high standards and accountability for student achievement to make sure that all children are caught up to 21st century learning. Bush meant to try to help students in minority heavy schools succeed. A revision of the The Elementary and Secondary Education Act. -
Iraq War
The US embassy hostages. US became involved with Iraq as they funded Iraq money and weapons (at the time were allies). Was a war over oil, and border disputes. The Iraq War was a protracted armed conflict that began in 2003 with the invasion of Iraq by a United States-led coalition that overthrew the government of Saddam Hussein. It was marked by indiscriminate ballistic-missile attacks, extensive use of chemical weapons and attacks on third-country oil tankers in the Persian Gulf. -
Hurricane Katrina
Hurricane Katrina was an extremely destructive and deadly Category 5 hurricane that caused catastrophic damage along the Gulf coast from central Florida to Texas, much of it due to the storm surge and levee failure. The storm was the third most intense United States landfalling tropical cyclone, behind the 1935 Labor Day hurricane and Hurricane Camille in 1969. Overall, at least 1,245 people died in the hurricane and subsequent floods, making it the deadliest United States hurricane. -
Sonya Sotomayor
Sonia Maria Sotomayor is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving since August 2009. She has the distinction of being its first justice of Hispanic descent and the first Latina. On the Second Circuit, Sotomayor heard appeals in more than 3,000 cases and wrote about 380 opinions. Sotomayor has taught at the New York University School of Law and Columbia Law School. -
Barack Obama
Barack Hussein Obama II is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from January 20, 2009 to January 20, 2017. 44th president of the United States that won the 2008 and 2012 elections. His administration campaigned for change and equality throughout the United States. He was also the first African American president and brought the largest presidential inauguration attendance. -
Obamacare
Obamacare is beneficial to individuals, because it makes people do the responsible thing. If somebody capable of buying insurance chose not to and later they were in an accident, they could go bankrupt trying to pay their medical bills. With Obamacare, they are much more likely to buy insurance and avoid this bankruptcy. Ensures that people are not turned away from insurance because of their medical history.
