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Panama City is established
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Panama is a department of Columbia from 1821-1903
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Panama gains independence from Columbia
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The signing of the Panama Canal Treaties
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The death of President Omar Torrijos creates a political vacuum; American troops invade Panama; Manuel Noriega surrenders to face drug charges in the United States
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During the 1990's: Mireya Moscoso is elected as Panama's first woman president; the last U.S. troops leave Panama; the Panama Canal passes to wholly local control.
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During the 2000's; climate change has been accelerated by deforestation.
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Ricardo Martinelli is elected president