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1934
Ralph Tyler publishes his eight year study plan which resulted in "each objective must be defined in terms which clarify the kind of behavior which the course should help to develop." -
Period: to
History of Objectives and Outcomes
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1946
Edgar Dale publishes his "Cone of Experience." This is a visual device used to summarize the progression of learning from the concrete to the abstract. Original chart had no percentages or numbers indicating the level of retention based on the progression. -
1956
Benjamin Bloom publishes "Taxonomy of Educational Objectives." This is now known as Bloom's Taxonomy and lays out the learning outcomes within the cognitive domain. -
1962
Robert Mager publishes "Preparing Objectives for Programmed Instruction." In his work he describes the process of writing objectives, description of learned behaviors, and standards by which to judge the behaviors. -
1965
Robert Gagné publishes "The Conditions of Learning." In his work he describes the five types of learning outcomes: 1) Verbal information 2) Intellectual skills 3) Psychomotor skills 4) Attitudes 5) Cognitive strategies -
