Mussolini and Fascist Italy

Formation of an independent Italy

Mar 17, 1861

I chose this picture as it accurately represents the Italian peninsula unified. The picture shows that land that Italy was able to gain and how it was united under one peninsula.

Papal States taken over by new nation of Italy

Sep 20, 1870

I chose this photo because it demonstrates the territory gained by Italy after they were able to annex the state. Shows the expansion and unification of Italy by taking the Papal states.

Failure of First Italo-Ethiopian War with the Battle of Adowa (Adwa)

Mar 1, 1896

I chose this photo because it accurately represents how the Ethiopian army was more organized and outnumber the Italians. It also shows the Italians retreat which implies their defeat.

Italy invades and takes over Libya

Sep 29, 1911

I chose this photo as the flags represent the parties involved, the Italians and the Ottoman Empire. Demonstrates that Italy initiated the invasion and eventually was able to gain land.

Mussolini begins work as editor for the Socialist Party newspaper Avanti

Dec 1, 1912

I chose this photo as it is an Avanti! newspaper with Mussolini in the headline. Shows Mussolini's influence over the newspaper and how he had control as the editor to put out any narrative he wanted.

Mussolini kicked out of Socialist Party for pro-nationalistic sentiments regarding WWI

Nov 23, 1914

I chose this photo as it is another article showing Mussolini getting kicked out of the Socialist party. Shows how influential Mussolini was in the party and how he lacked their ideology.

Treaty of London

Apr 26, 1915

I chose this picture as it shows the text of the treaty. It demonstrates how secret the the treaty was as it looks like a regular letter however it is a treaty allowing Italy to join WWI.

Beginning of Biennio Rosso

Jan 1, 1919

I chose this photo as it represents the socialist party's flag and members. Shows a rise in socialist support and the movement of Biennio Rosso due to the rise of socialism and communism.

Fascio di Combattimento formed in Milan

Mar 23, 1919

I chose this photo as it demonstrate the Fascio di Combattiemento logo. The axe demonstrates that they are willing to take action and the logs shows how they want to unite under ultranationalism.

D’Annunzio takes Fiume

Sep 12, 1919

I chose this photo as it demonstrates D'Annunzio and his support from his army. Shows that he was able to take Fiume with his army and has support from the nationalist as he took action on an issue.

Mussolini forms alliance with Giolitti

1921

I chose this photo as it is a photo of Giolitti. Shows that he has the power in the government and how an alliance with him would give Mussolini power and the ability to control his party.

Mussolini forms the PNF (Fascist Party) and is elected its leader

1922

I chose this photo because it demonstrates the control that the PNF had gained. This is displayed as PNF covers the Italian flag. It also displays the influence they demanded over the Italian people and their nationalism.

March on Rome and Mussolini becomes Prime Minister

1922

I chose this picture because it displays the amount of support in which the march was backed by. It represents the strength of the fascist party. This can be seen through the hundreds of supporters with their flags.

Acerbo Law passed

1923

I chose this picture as it displays the percentage of support for Italian parties. This is divided into a pie chart and includes major parties within the Italian government. This represents the lack of support truly needed to gain 2/3 of positions as the Fascists are not in the lead by much.

Corfu Incident

1923

I chose this picture as it represents the hostility of Italy toward Greece. Through the representation of a gun, Italy is seen as forceful and in control as they were when demanding for compensation from Greece.

Matteotti Crisis

1924

I chose this photo as it represents the Matteotti Crisis. This is through the use of a coffin to represent the death of socialist supporter Matteotti. The use of a large grumpy man represents the lack of care that Mussolini and the fascist party had for the event as it did not impact their power.

Aventine Secession

1924

I chose this picture as it represents the death of socialism in Italy. This means that the fascist party has maintained its power through the murder of socialists and liberals.

Locarno Treaty signed

1925

I chose this picture as it represents the unification of the major powers. This unification of western European powers allowed for the post war territorial settlement.

Battle for Grain

1925

I chose this picture as it represents a turning point in Italian ideology. This is represented as a man is proudly standing in a field. Self-sufficiency is a key factor during this time.

Battle for Land and Battle for the Lira

1926

I chose this picture as it represents a movement toward economic independence and stability in Italy. The use of the farm equipment symbolizes the change in priorities within Italian farming.

Battle for Births

1927

I chose this picture as it represents the goal of the battle for births. As women shifted to more traditional roles, the goal of increasing the Italian population was near.

Kellogg-Briand Treaty Signed

Aug 27, 1928

I chose this photo because the political cartoon represents the citizen's perception of the Treaty and how the public reacted to the announcement of a new attempt at a peace treaty.

Lateran Treaty with Pope

1929

I chose this picture as it represents the most significant outcome of the treaty. Vatican city became independent from Italy as represented in the map below. Mussolini allowed for the expansion of the catholic religion through this treaty.

Stresa Front

Apr 14, 1935

I chose this photo because it depicts Germany as Adolf Hitler plotting separately from the other major nations and implies that Germany was becoming too corrupted which lead to the Stresa Front.

Abyssinian Crisis

Oct 2, 1935

I chose this photo because it represents the territories (now modern day Ethiopia) that Italy had invaded in order to spread his imperialism and nationalistic views.

Rome-Berlin Axis Treaty signed

Oct 25, 1936

I chose this photo because it shows the comradery between Mussolini and Hitler as they made Rome-Berlin Treaty. It represents the alliance made between countries which would eventually affect WWII.

Italian Involvement with Spanish Civil War

Nov 28, 1936

I chose this photo because it represents the imperialism that Italy and Mussolini's fascist dictatorship was enforcing on countries. He spread his fascist views across Europe and did so with force.

Munich Conference

Sep 29, 1938

I chose this photo to represent the Munich Conference because it shows the significant participants and their ability to gather civilly prior to the events of WW2. Also showing how the Munich Conference was a contributing factor to WW2 as they gave up more territory to Germany.

Italy invades Albania

Apr 7, 1939

I chose this photo to represent the event because it is a news article from 1939 and reflects the opinions/other events at the time of the invasion.

Italy enters WW2 on Germany's side

Jun 10, 1940

I chose this photo because it is an American news article reporting Italy's entrance to WW2 and their declarations of war. It shows the event from the perspective of a non-European country and details Italy's steps to war.

Mussolini brought down by Coup

Jul 25, 1943

I chose this newspaper article to represent the event because it shows the significance of Mussolini resigning and shows how the coup was disguised to the public as resignation.

Mussolini's Death

Apr 28, 1945

I chose this photo which shows the dead, hanged bodies of Mussolini and his confidants. This photo emphasizes the public distaste for his fascist policies and impacts on the world during his years as a dictator. Also portrays the violent nature of his death.