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The Manitoba Act was the result of The Red River Resistance. Canada's parliament passed the Manitoba Act, which suggests that Manitoba is a bilingual province. Manitoba would have education rights for Catholics and Protestants, aswell as land rights to the Metis. The Metis would be able to kepp their farms that they had established along the Red River, aswell as more than 500 000 hectares of land.
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The Metis people were issued to scrip by the Canadian government. They felt that the Metis didn't require reserves like the fFirst Nations because they didn’t have the same rights as First Nations people, thus being the reason for this document. Scrip was offered to the Metis, it was a document that could be exchanged for land. The Metis were here before these settlers came in, so they thought that this wasn’t fair and that they also should have rights to land.
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Since the railway and settlers have moved to the west, the Northwest Resistance wanted to protect Metis land. The Canadian government ignored the Metis petitions and didn’t reply to the Metis people’s concerns about their rights to land. This led to Louis Riel being responsible for most of the military conflict with the Canadian government.
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The Catholic Church provided Many Metis settlers to build farms at St. Paul de Metis. The Metis eventually had to leave when all the settlements were closed as they didn’t have ownership to build those farms on that land.
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Alberta's government was lobbied by L’Association des Metis de l’Alberta et des Territoires du Nord-Ouest asking for land rights for the Metis. Eventually, twelve settlement were established when the government passed the Metis Population Betterment Act. This was a HUGE historical event because it had been the first time in Canadian history that a government had given Metis land.
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The Metis settlements established in Alberta did not really give the Metis control of their land. Four of the settlements didn’t provide the Metis with fishing, hunting, or farming. All the settlements closed when this was discovered, and the land was given back to the government of Canada.
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The Metis rights in Canada’s constitution were fought for over a long period of time. The Métis were recognized as one of Canada’s Aboriginal People with rights under section 35, in the consitution.
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Along with the right to manage their own affairs, the Metis had received a permanent land base. The legislation included: Constitution of Alberta Amendment Act, Metis Settlements Act, Métis Settlements Accord Implementation Act, & Metis Settlements Land Protection Act. Metis were given rights to join the development of oil and gas resources on the land, these rights were granted by Alberta's government.
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The Metis right to hunt and fish as one of Canada’s Aboriginal Peoples was decided by The Supreme Court. These rights are part of the Metis people’s culture and identity. Also these rights recognize their inherent rights as Aboriginal People and the relationship that the Metis have with the land. In 2004, two negotiations, have agreed with Alberta’s government about recognizing their fishingand hunting rights without licenses.
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A court case was set in Manitoba, by the Metis, saying that their land is being used by people of non Metis descent. Since Winnipeg stands on the land that the Metis have claimed under the Manitoba Act, their promised land in the Manitoba Act was not delivered.
