-
Frederick W Taylor's Scientific Management Theory
Frederick W Taylor was an American inventor and engineer, considered the father of “scientific management”. His influential theory enabled industry to move away from “rule of thumb” management and be more efficient and prosperous. According to Taylor, he posed four principles which can increase effeciency. Swinton Lyndsay. "Frederick W. Taylor - Scientific Management". mftrou.com. ©mftrou.com. Web. 21 October 2013. -
Walther Rathenau
The German banker and politician Walther Rathenau was one of the world's foremost thinkers on business and society, He invented the concept of the "separation of ownership and control", which became one of the cornerstones of managerial capitalism. "Walther Rathenau: Man of Many Parts; an Industrialist, Politician, Management Thinker and More, Rathenau's Intellectual Legacy Lives on, despite His Early and Violent Death." HHighBeam. Cengage Learning. Web. 21 October 2013. -
The Michelin Brothers
The brothers succeeded and within a few years the Michelin firm had achieved astonishing growth by serving the young automotive industry. Andre was the company's marketing and public relations genius. Edouard was head of research and oversaw the production process. Together, they built one of the greatest of all automotive empires. "The brothers who seized an opportunity." European Automotive Hall Of Fame. Web. 21 October 2013. -
Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie, known as the king of steel, built the steel industry in the United States, and, in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America.Carnegie believed that achievement of financial success could be reduced to a simple formula, which could be duplicated by the average person. "Management Hall of Fame: Leading Management Gurus." INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT. (c) International Institute of Management. 21 October 2013. -
The Theory of Bureaucracy
Max Weber, a German sociologist propounded the theory called principle of bureaucracy – a theory related to authority structure and relations in the 19th century. According to him, bureaucracy is the formal system of organization and administration designed to ensure efficiency and effectiveness. He suggested an ideal model for management as bureaucratic approach. "Max Weber principle of bureaucratic theory." Reference Notes. ©TyroCity.com. 21 October 2013. -
Mary Parker Follett and Management Theory
Much of Mary's writing about management and about the ways managers should behave toward wokers was a response to her concern that Taylor was ignoring the human side of organization. She pointed out that management often overlooks the multitude of ways in which employees can contribute to the organization when managers allow them to participate and exercise initiative in their everyday work lives. Jones R Gareth, George M Jennifer. Contemporary Management. pp51. Book. 21 October 2013. -
Hugo Diemer
Hugo Diemer (1870-1939) was an American engineer, academic and author who in the opening years of the 20th century first used the term Industrial Engineering (IE) to describe a fusion of engineering and business disciplines. In 1909 he set up the first university IE department. Jones Gerry. " Hugo Diemer." Managers-Net. Web. 21 October 2013. -
Harrington Emerson
Harrington Emerson was one of America's pioneers in industrial engineering and management and organizational theory. His major contributions were to install his management methods at many industrial firms and to promote the ideas of scientific management and efficiency to a mass audience. He discussed efficiency design of organization through 12 principles. "Harrington Emerson - A Pioneer Industrial Engineer." Industrial Engineering Knowledge Center. 21 October 2013. -
Fayol's 14 Principles of Management
"Henri Fayol was the CEO of Comambault Mining." In 1916, two years before he stepped down as director, he published his "14 Principles of Management" in the book "Administration Industrielle et Generale", those principles explained how managers should organize and interact with staff. He also created a list of the six primary functions of management, which go hand in hand with the Principles. Jones R Gareth, George M Jennifer. Contemporary Management. pp46. Book. 21 October 2013. -
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth's Management Theory
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were a husband-and-wife team who worked as engineers in the early part of the 20th century. They refined Taylor's analysis of work movements and made many contributions to time-and-motion study.The Gilbreth theory held that there was a “one best way” to do any task. "Management Theory of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth." business.com. © 2013 Business.com Media, Inc. Web. 21 October 2013. -
Hawthorne Effect
The Hawthorne Effect is a human phenomenon that occurs as upper management conveys interest and concern for issues relevant to workers. The Hawthorne Effect is a temporary increase in productivity in response to certain modifications to the workplace environment. Even though the Hawthorne studies were conducted many years ago, they are still referred to today when a company researches productivity issues. "Workplace Productivity and Hawthorne Effect." ONLINE BUSINESS MANAGEMENT COURSE.Web.2013. -
Reg Revance and Action Learning
Original management thinker Reg Revans developed the action learning concept in the 1940s. The action learning process has developed over the last sixty years as a method for individual and organisational development. As a process action learning can be challenging and informative. Within organisations Reg Revans described it as "the upward communication of doubt" – an opportunity for individuals to engage in learning and identify action which could make a positive difference to the organisation -
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
Abraham H. Maslow felt as though conditioning theories did not adequately acapture the complexity of human behavior. In a 1943 paper called A Theory of Human Motivation, Maslow presented the idea that human actions are directed toward goal attainment. Any given behavior could satisfy several functions at the same time; for instance, going to a pub could satisfy one’s needs for self-esteem and for social interaction. "Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs." Learning -Theories.com. Web, 21 October 2013. -
The 14 points for management
W. Edwards Deming offered 14 key principles for management to follow for significantly improving the effectiveness of a business or organization. Many of the principles are philosophical. Others are more programmatic. All are transformative in nature. The points were first presented in his book Out of the Crisis. "THE FOURTEEN POINTS FOR MANAGEMENT." The Demng Institute.©The W. Edwards Deming Institute. 21 October 2013. -
Leadership/Management
For Drucker there is little (if any) difference between leadership and management by definition. Leadership is not about a list of attributes as no two leaders will exhibit the same list, nor is it about charisma or some king-like quality. It is all about delivery of performance. Just like management. "Peter Drucker's Definition of Leadership." WISTON-CHURCHILL-LEADERSHIP. ©www.winston-churchill-leadership.com. Web. 21 October 2013. -
The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations
The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL–CIO) is a national trade union center, the largest federation of unions in the United States, made up of fifty-six national and international unions together representing more than 11 million workers.It was formed in 1955 when the AFL and the CIO merged after a long estrangement. -
Theory X and Theory Y
Douglas McGregor, an American social psychologist, proposed his famous X-Y theory in his 1960 book 'The Human Side Of Enterprise'. Basically McGregor believed that there are 2 fundamental approaches to managing people i.e. X and Y. Many managers tend towards X and achieve poor results whereas those who use theory Y allow people to grow and develop; thus, achieving better performance. "The XY Theory of Management." Training and development solutions.©Training & Development Solution. Web. 2013. -
Contingency Theory
Another milestone in management theory was the development of comtingency theory in the 1960s by Tom Burns and G, M, Stalker in Britain and Paul Lawrence and Jay Lorsch in the U.S. The crurical message of contingency theory is that " there is no one best way to organize". Organizational structure depends on the environment in which an organization operates. Jones R Gareth, George M Jennifer. Contemporary Management. pp57. Book. 21 October 2013. -
The Open-Systems View
One of the most influential views of how an organization is affected by its external environment was developed by Daniel Katz, Robert Kahn, and James Thompson. The Open-System is a system that takes in resources from the external environment and converts or transforms them into goods and services that are sent back to that environment , where they are bought by customers. Jones R Gareth, George M Jennifer. Contemporary Management. pp56. Book. 21 October 2013. -
The Equal Pay Act
The EPA, which is part of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended (FLSA), and which is administered and enforced by the EEOC, prohibits sex-based wage discrimination between men and women in the same establishment who perform jobs that require substantially equal skill, effort and responsibility under similar working conditions. "The Equal Pay Act of 1963." U.S. Equal Employment Oppotunity Commission. Web. 21 October 2013. -
Critical path method
The critical path method (CPM) is an algorithm for scheduling a set of project activities. It is an important tool for effective project management. It is provide a graphic view of project, predicts the time required to complete the project, and shows which activities are critical to maintaining the schedule and which are not. “CPM-Critical Path Method." NetMBA. NetMBA.com. Web. 21 October 2013. -
The Peter Principle
In the 1969 book The Peter Principle authors Dr. Laurence J. Peter and Raymond Hull proposed the theory that workers in a hierarchical structure get promoted to the level at which they are incompetent and that they remain at that level for the remainder of their career. By extrapolation, this means that almost everyone in a management level position is incompetent. "The Peter Principle： How to beat the Peter Principle.“ About.com. ©About.com. Web. 21 October 2013. -
Human Performance Technology
Tom Gilbert publishes Human Competence: Engineering Worthy Performance. The Human Performance Technology (HPT) is a field of practice that has evolved largely as a result of the experience, reflection, and conceptualization of professional practitioners striving to improve human performance in the workplace. "What Is Human Performance Technology?" HR.com. ©HR.COM Limited. Web. 21 October 2013 -
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Total quality management (TQM) refers to management methods used to enhance quality and productivity in organizations, particularly businesses. TQM is a comprehensive system approach that works horizontally across an organization, involving all departments and employees and extending backward and forward to include both suppliers and clients/customers. "TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM)." Reference for business. ©Advameg, Inc. Web. 21 October 2013. -
The Empirical School
The Empirical School of Applied Management, an autonomous Management School has been established with a view to get the Operational professionals conversant with Innovative Management Education which is broad based, open end, self cultivating and is totally application based. "Doctorate in Management Operations." Empirical School of Applied Management. ©Empirical School of Applied Management. 21 October 2013. -
Business Process Management
Business Process Management (BPM) software and services improve the visibility and control of business processes, helping to ensure that business operations differentiate you from your competition, deliver the right goods and services, and meet the demand of customers for consistency and convenience. "BPM: Improve your operations with better visibility." IBM. Web. 21 October 2013.
