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428 BCE
PLATO - (428-348 BC)
The greatest philosophers of the world, and is viewed by most important philosopher of Western civilization. Plato held that moral values are objective in the sense that they exist in a spirit-like realm beyond subjective human conventions. Also he held that they are absolute, or eternal in that they never change, and also that they are universal insofar as they apply to all rational creatures around the world and throughout time. -
387 BCE
Socrates - (469-399 BC)
He was an Athenian Philosopher whose questions and opinions clashed with the current course of Athenian politics and society. He worked to critically examine the foundational beliefs that were common in Greece during his time, and encouraged other citizens to do. One of the greatest paradoxes—whether weakness of will-doing wrong when you genuinely knew what was right-truly existed. In addition, the development of personal is mastering what he called “the art of measurement.” -
338
Aristotle - (384-322 BC)
In Arabic Philosophy— “The First Teacher”, in the West.
He argued that virtues are good habits that we acquire, which regulate our emotions. And further he argued that most virtues fall mean between extreme character traits. Another, Aristotle's “The Golden Mean Principle”, states that to be happy, live a life of moderation. -
UTILITARIANISM
The word utilitarian is derived from the Latin words utile bonum or utilis which means usefulness. The utilitarian ethics is best explained by the maxim. The theory argues that what makes an act right is its consequences and not the motive of the action. The principle of Utilitarianism is used in cost-Benefit Analysis. -
Thomas Hobbes - (1588-1679 BC)
Hobbes' Moral Positivism anticipates the chaotic outcome if laws are not abided. Thomas Hobess believes that human beings are basically selfish creatures who would do anything to improve their position.