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This program gives assistance to individuals that many not have money for food or low income families in general. This program wants to increase the health of the public so they fed a lot of poor people and also provided economical help for groceries. -
To end segregation and discrimination against Blacks was the main goal of the civil rights movement in the 1950s. Despite the fact that Black Americans had contributed to the development and success of the US, they had endured years of dictatorship. This movement advocated for equal rights and freedoms for them.
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Supreme Court Case, No Violence Black applicant Sweatt submitted an application for enrollment at the esteemed University of Texas Law School, a state university richly endowed with staff and other resources. Sweatt's application was turned down on the basis of race by Painter and other Texas officials, as the university only accepted white students. -
No Violence At the age of 22, Sarah Keys Evans refused to give up her seat on a state-to-state charter bus on August 1, 1952. This led to the historic legal case Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company and the Interstate Commerce Commission's prohibition of the segregation of Black passengers on interstate buses. -
One of the examples of northern violence would be Boston busing desegregation. On the first day of classes in Boston, Massachusetts, opposition to court-ordered school busing turns violent. Angry white Americans attacked the schools, throwing eggs, bricks, and bottles at school buses transporting African American students as police in combat gear struggled to maintain control. -
Violence by Opposition One day, Till traveled to the Bryant store with his cousins while visiting family in Mississippi, and it's believed that he whistled at Carolyn Bryant. Till was abducted, brutally murdered, and then his body was dumped in the Tallahatchie River by her husband Roy Bryant and her brother-in-law J.W. Milam. -
Protest, No Violence The Montgomery Improvement Association was founded on December 5, 1955 in Montgomery, Alabama as a grassroots effort to campaign for the desegregation of buses in the state's capital city for African Americans. The Montgomery Improvement Association was the first of its kind, it was a Deep South-based organization that expressly used a bus boycott as a direct action strategy to combat racial prejudice. -
Achievement, Protest African Americans in Montgomery, Alabama, boycotted city buses as part of a civil rights demonstration in order to denounce segregated seating. The boycott, which ran from December 5, 1955, to December 20, 1956, is recognized as the country's first significant anti-segregation protest. -
No Violence, Achievement The SCLC began by concentrating its efforts on desegregating specific localities including Albany, Georgia, Birmingham, Alabama, and St. Augustine, Florida, as well as citizenship schools. It was crucial to the success of the 1963 March on Washington, the Selma Voting Rights Campaign, and the 1965 March to Montgomery. -
Achievement, Protest Nine African American pupils arrived at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, on September 4, 1957. They moved through the crowd while shouting profanities and even tossing things. The National Guard stopped the children from entering the school as they arrived at the front entrance, forcing them to leave for home instead. -
Achievement, No Violence The Civil Rights Act created the Justice Department's Civil Rights Section and gave federal prosecutors the authority to request court orders prohibiting interference with voting rights. Additionally, it created a federal Civil Rights Commission with the power to look into instances of discrimination and suggest remedies. Due to a lack of Democratic support, the final measure was weakened by Congress. -
Supreme Court Case, No Violence The Supreme Court declared in Cooper v. Aaron (1958) that Arkansas could not enact legislation that would have overturned its decision in Brown v. Board of Education that racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional. The Supreme Court declared that its interpretation of the Constitution was the supreme law of the land and that the states had to abide by its decisions. -
Even many from the South started to acknowledge that formal, explicit racial segregation and suffrage were unethical. Americans from all political and social backgrounds began to have long hair and colorful dress as the standard, while many people, especially the younger generation, began to practice and embrace sexuality outside of traditional marriage. Americans pursued individualism through new perspectives on religion, popular culture, and sexuality in the 1970s.
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Protest, No Violence The Woolworth's in downtown Greensboro's official policy was to only serve white people, and the four students sat down at the lunch counter there. They refused to leave after being refused service in 1960. -
Achievement, No Violence, Supreme Court Case Blacks and whites who rode buses together through the American South in 1961 staged a series of political demonstrations against segregation known as the Freedom Rides in American history. The United States Supreme Court outlawed segregation on interstate buses in 1946. -
Achievement, Protest, No Violence Fall 1961 marked the start of the Albany Movement, which lasted until summer 1962. More than 1,000 African Americans were imprisoned in Albany and the neighboring rural counties as a result of this major movement, which was the first in the modern era of civil rights to have as its goal the desegregation of an entire community, when hundreds of Black demonstrators, including himself, were detained in a single week in December 1961. -
Protest, Violence by Protesters On September 9, 1962 many riots on the campus of the University of Mississippi where many students and locals gathered to protest the enrollment of James Meredith. More than 120 federal marshals who were on guard struggled to maintain order after nightfall, due to the crowd turning violent. -
Achievement, Protest, Violence by Protesters The Birmingham Campaign was a series of rallies, sit-ins, boycotts, and protests that were intended to put pressure on the city of Birmingham and its businesses to end their discriminatory policies. The Birmingham Campaign, which was part of the Civil Rights movement, was launched following the contentious Albany Campaign, in which Martin Luther King Jr. felt his attempts to desegregate the city were not upheld. -
Violence Medgar Evers was assassinated by a white supremacist on June 12, 1963, in the driveway of his Jackson, Mississippi, home. In 1942, Evers was enlisted in the American Army. By the time the war was over, Evers belonged to a generation of Black soldiers who had vowed "to return [home] fighting" for reform. -
Protest, Achievement, No Violence More than a quarter of a million people gathered at the Lincoln Memorial on August 28, 1963, to take part in the historic March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. The Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. participated in this historic march, which was covered by more than 3,000 journalists. -
In 1937, Lyndon B. Johnson was elected president and became one of the most powerful person on Capitol Hill. Lyndon was a master at avoiding conflict building, coalitions and compromising. -
No Violence, Achievement, The Mississippi Summer Project, also known as Freedom Summer, was a voter registration drive in 1964 with the goal of increasing the number of Black voters in Mississippi. African Americans in Mississippi joined over 700 volunteers, the most of whom were white, in the fight against harassment and discrimination at the polls. -
Achievement, No Violence Discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin is illegal under the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This civil rights act's provisions prohibited discrimination in hiring, promoting, and firing on the basis of sex in addition to race. -
The Job Corps was to advocate the War on Poverty that seeks to educate the poor and those at risk by teaching them proper skills to attain a job. It was modeled after the reforms of the Great Depression and all of those who need additional training to receive an employment offer. The Job Corps were funded to decrease the unemployment levels and to lower the poverty. They were intended for those who are poor or discriminated against. Job Corps increased training and education all across the US. -
This is a national service organization designed to alleviate poverty in the US by placing volunteers in communities to work on projects that support economic and social development. This program helped with reducing poverty by fighting the sources like lack of education, healthcare and job opportunities. -
No Violence, Achievement The Heart of Atlanta Motel refused to accept Black Americans. This case went against the Jim Crow system because it disobeyed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and discriminated against patrons based on race. -
Violence A religious and civil rights activist named Malcolm X was killed on February 21, 1965, while giving a speech at Manhattan's Audubon Ballroom. His legacy has endured much longer than his actual life. His ideals later inspired the Black Power movement through his best-selling autobiography and stirring speeches, and they continue to have an impact on activism in America and around the globe today. -
No Violence, Protest On March 7, 1965, a large crowd assembled in Selma, Alabama, to march to Montgomery, the state's capital. Even in the face of a segregationist system that sought to prevent African Americans from exercising their constitutional right to vote, they marched to assure that it would be possible. -
The state-run programs for eligible schools and districts eager to raise the academic achievement of struggling learners and address the complex challenges of students is what this act authorizes. This act was put in place to aid the different challenges for students who live with disabilities such as mobility problems and poverty. It ensured that all people have access to high quality and equalized education. -
This was an 8 week demonstration program made to break the cycle. This program relieved those in poverty to get back on track, and get help to those in need. This program also provided comprehensive child development services to over 32 million people. Its creation allowed for better services that have improved social emotional cognitive and physical development of the young age group. -
The medicare social security amendment was put into place to established health insurance for the elderly, and coverage for families who may not have money for it. This act passing helped fix health that increased in cost when at the same time income almost decreases. It greatly reduced the number of uninsured Americans and allowed poorer families professional, affordable healthcare. -
Achievement, No Violence On August 6, 1965, President Lyndon Johnson ratified this statute. It prohibited the discriminatory voting practices implemented in several southern states following the Civil War, such as the requirement of passing literacy tests in order to cast a ballot. -
This is an independent federal agency that supports research, education and public programs in the humanities. This program helped fund the fields of history, philosophy and literature.This was founded to help the growing concern of American education. This supported preservation of historic sites and artifacts, while also providing the opportunities for lifelong learning and engagement. Funding research leads to a better understanding of American History and American culture. -
This is an independent agency that helps and supports the spread and performance of arts. It helps fund various projects in the arts field including literature, music, film and dance. This was created to provide funding so that the nation would be encouraged in the developments of the arts. This National Endowment had an impart on the arts and culutre by providing money and assistance to artists and art organizations. It helps create new works, and reach new audience. -
The March against Fear began on June 5, 1966 and was intimated by civil rights activist James Meredith. Many years before he became the first African American student to integrate in the University of Mississippi. -
Violence of Opposition, Violence by Protesters Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated on a balcony outside his second-floor room at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, on Thursday, April 4, 1968. Major racial violence breakouts were sparked by news of King's murder, resulting in more than 40 fatalities nationally and significant property damage in more than 100 American communities. -
No Violence, Achievement Discrimination against people on the basis of their race, color, religion, sex, national origin, physical or mental disabilities, or family status is prohibited under the North Carolina Fair Housing Act. Residential housing sales, rentals, and financing are all subject to the legislation. -
The expansion of rights won by African Americans to many other groups during the 1970s was as sweeping as it was spectacular. The majority of sex-based segregation practices were abolished in the United States during this decade. More than half of American women now have formal equal rights to pursue chances for education and work. All Americans started to have different perspectives on gender, including what it meant to be male and female.
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Supreme Court Case, No Violence, Protest The 14th Amendment permits the use of buses to separate the children of different races across the district line to further the goal of integrating public schools. Charlotte was charged with maintaining segregated public schools and defying the Supreme Court's decision to desegregate public schools. -
Achievement, No Violence Shirley Chisolm was the first black congresswoman, she was also the first black woman to seriously campaign for a major party. She was a very outspoken candidate, which made many people love her and caused many democrats to urge her to step down. -
Achievement, No Violence On April 8, 1974 Atlanta Brave star hit his 715th career home run off of a Los Angeles pitcher to break a record. Hank Aaron broke a record that was held by Babe Ruth sending him past on baseball's all time list. -
Achievement, No Violence Texas Congresswoman Barbara Jordan called for Americans to commit themselves to a national community and the common good. She made sure that everyone knew she was the black woman to deliver a keynote address at a major party convention that would be almost impossible decades later. -
No Violence In Bakke, the Supreme Court examined whether a an affirmative action program was constitutional. For its medical school at UC Davis, the University of California had set a quota for minority applicants. The question in the case was whether or not the Equal Protection Clause's promise of equality is violated by such a scheme.