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Born
From individuality to character: the Herbartian sociology applied to education
He believed that every child is born with a unique potential, his Individuality, but that this potential remained unfulfilled until it was analysed and transformed by education in accordance with what he regarded as the accumulated values of civilization -
Herbart
Herbart is one of the iconic authors of German educational science.
He stresses the difference between a good and a bad practice and raises the question as to the way in which a good educational practice is dependent on scientific educational theory. Born 4 May 1776
Died 14 August 1841 -
Alexander Kapp, a german educator, introduces the term andragogy to explain adult learning.
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Journal of Child Studies
This journal's ideology is attributed to Herbartianism, and the editors aim to bring together pedagogy with child studies as well as with medicine and psychiatry. The knowledge of natural research and child studies is adapted to learn about the nature of the child and its development. -
Piaget
Jean Piaget was a leading theorist who influenced the evolution of Pedagogy. Child development and educational psychology often take Piaget as the starting point for discussing cognitive development because he shaped our understanding of how children's cognition changes in predictable ways.
It may surprise some to learn that Piaget was deeply committed to an evolutionary view of cognitive development, although textbooks are often silent on this point -
Knowles on Andragogy
5 assumptions of Andragogy.
(1) has an independent self-concept and who can direct his or her own learning, (2) has accumulated a reservoir of life experiences that is a rich resource for learning, (3) has learning needs closely related to changing social roles, (4) is problem-centered and interested in immediate application of knowledge, and (5) is motivated to learn by internal rather than external factors. -
The Robert Gagné assumption: Different types of learning exist, and that different instructional conditions are most likely to bring about these different types of learning.
Robert Gagne Avatar -
Crticial Pedagogy
Paulo Freire is known as the grandfather of Critical Pedagogy. Critical pedagogy is a teaching method that aims to help in challenging and actively struggling against any form of social oppression and the related customs and beliefs. It is a form of theory and practice which serves to let pupils gain a critical awareness -
Vygotsky
Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory involves constructing new knowledge through social interactions. Constructing new knowledge through social interactions plays a fundamental role in the development of cognition. -
Jean Piaget
Most of his research was conducted between the mid - late 1900's.
Piaget argued that children construct an understanding of the world around them, and then experience discrepancies between what they already know and what they discover in their environment. -
Conditions
1.Gaining attention (reception)
2.Informing learners of the objective (expectancy)
3.Stimulating recall of prior learning (retrieval)
4.Presenting the stimulus (selective perception)
5.Providing learning guidance (semantic encoding)
6.Eliciting performance (responding)
7.Providing feedback (reinforcement)
8.Assessing performance (retrieval)
9.Enhancing retention and transfer (generalization). -
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Knowles on Andragogy
The European concept of andragogy, which he defined as “the art and science of helping adults learn,” was contrasted with pedagogy, the art and science of helping children learn. -
ADDIE
The ADDIE model is the generic process traditionally used by instructional designers and training developers. The five phases—Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation—represent a dynamic, flexible guideline for building effective training and performance support tools. -
PCK
Pedagogical knowledge means the “how” of teaching, generally acquired through education coursework and personal experiences. Content knowledge, on the other hand, is the “what” of teaching. It is different from the knowledge of a disciplinary expert and from general pedagogical knowledge. -
Metgogy
In 2000, an instructional designer named David R.
Lavoie took a more direct and assertive approach and
filed to trademark the word metagogy. The filing was
published for opposition in 2001, and the trademark
was registered in 2003. The trademarked term covered
a broad variety of educational services, including
instructional consultation and design; development of
educational materials; and the conduct of classes,
seminars, workshops, conferences. -
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Metgogy
Lavoie’s trademark was cancelled in 2010. There have been other neologism candidates in the wings, including geragogy and eldergogy which refer to teaching older adults.
