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Knights of Labor (KOF)
the foundation of KOL by leader Uriah Smith Stephens, they began as a secret society in Philadelphia. Their purpose was to protect its members and have a moral view of labor. (opposed exploitation of workers). -
American Federation of Labor (AFL)
AFL was lead by Samuel Gompers, it was composed by skilled worker members. The purpose of the AFL was to organize skilled workers into national unions consisting of others in the same trade. Their purpose was not political, and aimed simply at shorter hours, higher wages, and better working conditions. -
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Homestead Strike
It was a strike against Carnegie Steel Corporations, located in Homestead, Pennsylvania. The strike involved union members of Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers. In 1892, the Plant manager, Henry Clay Frick, raised manufacturing demands and when workers refused he locked them out of the plant. This lead to a violent outcome between the strikers and Pinkertons guards. -
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Pullman Strike (Railroad Strike and Boycott)
The Pullman Palace Car Company, a manufacturer of railroad cars, cut the already low wages of its workers by about 25 percent but did not introduce corresponding reductions in rents and other charges at Pullman. Pullman's workers belonged to the American Railway Union (ARU) and walked out of the factory. As a result on June 28, President Grover Cleveland and Congress created a national holiday, Labor Day. -
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Coal Strike of 1902 or Anthracite Coal Strike
When 140,000 coal miners in Pennsylvania went on strike and demanded a 20 percent raise, a nine-hour workday, and recognition of their union, United Mine Workers, the mine operators refused to bargain. Roosevelt had a talk about the strike at the White House with the opposing sides and it was settled to a %10 raise and a nine-hour work day. -
Ludlow Massacre
The violent deaths of 20 people, 11 of them children, during an attack by the Colorado National Guard on a tent colony of 1,200 striking coal miners and their families at Ludlow, Colorado. -
creation of Congress of Industrial Organizations
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Fair Labor Standards Act
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Labor Management Relations Act