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Muhammad was born in Mecca, Qurayash.
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Muhammad began to have visions about an angel and receiving messages from God while in a cave. (at Mount Hira.)
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Muhammad shares the messages for new challenges.
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Muhammad and his followers left Mecca and went to Medina, after being threated by the City Leaders.
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The journey was known as the hegina and was in the first year of the Islamic calendar.
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Muhammad was becoming a better and better leader being spirtual and political. Other Arab tribes started to accept Islam.
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After many years of fighting, the city of Mecca surrenered. They welcome Muhmmads back and accept Islam as their religion.
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The tribal idols in the Kaaba were destroyed so it could be rededicated to the worship of Allah (God.)
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Muhammad's death was by being poisoned.
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After Muhammad's death the new leader became Abu Bakr.
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Under Abu Bakr's rule the Muslims conquered much land outside of Arabia.
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Abu passes away he made a difference as in making Arabia a unified Muslim state.
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He was followed by Umar who encouraged the armies to achieve and own more land.
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This treaty was like others made with the non-Muslims. Often Jews and Christians whose land was conquered, this protected them from getting attacked.
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A mixed army with Arab and Berber attacked Spain and quickly took over it. Druing the next 700 years Muslims called Moor, ruled parts of Spain.
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During the Battle of Tours in what now is France, the Muslims are banned from invading the rest of Europe, determining that Europe would be Christian and not Muslim.
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The Abassids came to power and reorganized the government to make it easier to rule such a large region.
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Baghdad, in present day Iraq, becomes the capital of the Islamic Empire. It was a center known for trading, culture and learning.
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Muslim Turkish warriors called the Otomans conquer Constantinopole, defeating the Byzantine Empire.
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Their leader, Muhammad II, made Constantinople his captial and renamed it Istanbol, the name it is known as today.
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The Safavid Empire began when they conquered Persia. Their leader took the title of Shah, or king, and made Shi'a Islam the official religion.
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Their capital was in Estahan, in present day Iran. Most Muslims in Iran today are Shi'a Muslims.
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The Mughal Empire is established by its founder, Babur, in northern India.
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A later emperor Akbar conquered many land and strengthened the government.
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More violence revolts occured and weakened the Empire which soon fell apart.
