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He discovered the law diminishing marginal returns, which states that in a production process, as one input variable is increased, there will be a point at which the marginal per unit output will start to decrease, holding all other factors constant.
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He was the first person to successfully smelted iron ore with coke.
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The invention of the flying shuttle, It allowed a single weaver to weave much wider fabrics, and it could be mechanized, allowing for automatic machine looms.
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Inventor of the spinning jenny, which used eight spindles onto the thread and was spun, so by turning a single wheel, the operator could now spin eight threads at once.
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Inventor of the the spinning frame this was used to spin 128 threads at the same time.
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The invention was a influential book called "The Wealth of Nations".
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Invention of the spinning mule, which was used to spin textile fibers into yarn by an intermittent process.
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He invented the wool combing machine which was used to arrange and lay parallel by length the fibers of wool, prior to further treatment. Also he was the predecessor of the modern power loom.
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The invention made was the cotton gin which was able to quickly and efficiently clean the cotton using a system of hooks, wires and a rotating brush and he also pushed the "interchangeable parts" mode of production.
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Inventor of the electric battery, which was used to produced a steady electric current.
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Inventor of the first successful steam boat also known as the Clermont which carried passengers between New York City and Albany, New York. He also designed the worlds first steam warship.
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Inventor of the Geordie lamp, which was used to keep explosive gases out by pressure of the flame's exhaust and held the flame in by drawing in air at high speed.