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Many of the early concentration camps were improvised. Here, roll call is held for political prisoners aboard a ship used as a floating concentration camp.
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Following inconclusive elections, President Hindenburg invited Hitler to become chancellor of Germany.
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Members of the Storm Troopers with boycott signs block the entrance to a Jewish-owned shop. One of the signs exhorts: "Germans! Defend yourselves! Don't buy from Jews!" Berlin, Germany.
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An early view of the Dachau concentration camp. Columns of prisoners are visible behind the barbed wire.
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A view of the quarry at the Mauthausen concentration camp, where prisoners were subjected to forced labor.
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A page from SS officer Juergen Stroop's report on the Warsaw ghetto uprising. He wrote: "This is what the former Jewish residential quarter looks like after its destruction."
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A scene staged by the Nazis for the International Red Cross inspection of the Theresienstadt ghetto. The people are probably watching a soccer match.
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The Nazis had no official policy or intention to exterminate the Jews; and that the poison gas chambers in the Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center never existed.