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Terrestrial Planet Accretion was the believed way the earth was formed
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When a planet-sized object hit the surface of Earth, the debris of that object slowly became Moon.
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about 3.7- 4.3 billion years ago, after all the small debris stopped crashing into Earth, Earth started to cool down.
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Earth's core started to form around the time the accretion process ended. As the planet starts to cool, the most dense elements sink to the interior and the least dense rise to the top, resulting in different layers. A thick crust then forms on the surface. The core was formed through what is called Core Accretion.
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The end of the Heavy Bombardment was assumed to be around 3.5-4.1 billion years ago.
