Earth's history

Origin of the earth

4600 BCE

formation of the ready-sphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere, known as a geological event given in the precambrian in the hadic aeon ,also there is great volcanic activity

Precambriam

Period: 4600 BCE to 540 BCE

The precambrian is the first stage in the history of the earth, being the longest stage and it occurs in three eons: Hadic, Archaic and Proterozoic.

Life appears

3800 BCE

Thanks to the great volcanic activity there is a chemical evolution forming the first forms of life (unicellular organisms) known as a biological event.

Formation of the oceans

3500 BCE

Thanks to this great volcanic activity, there is also the origin of the oceans and with the most forms of life they inhabit life every time.

Sedimentary rocks appear

2500 BCE

This apparition occurs between the Archaic eon and the Proterozoic Eon

Formation of the supercontinent Rodinia

2500 BCE

Rodinia formed at c. 1.23 Ga by accretion and collision of fragments produced by breakup of an older supercontinent.

Rodinia fracture

800 BCE

Rodinia was fractured due to magmatic movements in the earth's crust, accompanied by strong volcanic activity.

Global glaciation

700 BCE

Although the exact causes for ice ages, and the glacial cycles within them, have not been proven, they are most likely the result of a complicated dynamic interaction between such things as solar output, distance of the Earth from the sun, position and height of the continents, ocean circulation

Pannotia formation

650 BCE

Pannotia was formed when Laurentia was located adjacent to the two main South American continents: Amazonia and Río de la Plata, after the supercontinent Rodinia broke up.

Beginning of the invertebrate age

540 BCE

Due to this change in the atmosphere lacking in oxygen, as it was in the precambrian, it became an oxygenating atmosphere, allowing the appearance of new invertebrate species, such as sponges, trilobites, jellyfish, etc., all this during the Cambrian period.

Palaeozoic

Period: 540 BCE to 245 BCE

The Paleozoic is the first era of the Oen Phanerozoic and spans from 540 million years to 245 million years ago. It is subdivided into six periods that are grouped into three sets. They form what are known as ages (ages of invertebrates, ages of fish and ages of amphibians). The periods are as follows: Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian.

Pannotia fracturing

505 BCE

The breakdown of Pannotia was accompanied by rising sea levels, dramatic changes in climate and ocean water chemistry, and rapid diversification. This occurred during the Ordovician period.

First jawless fish

455 BCE

Some of these species were the Ostracoderm fish, the anelids and the mollusk of the genus Neopilina. This also occurs in the Ordovician period.

Ordovician glaciation

450 BCE

It occurred at the end of the Ordovician Period about 450 million years ago, being the most intense glaciation on record since multicellular organisms appeared, and which was responsible for the extinction of more than 80% of the species.

First mass extinction of the species

440 BCE

This exition was due to the great ice age of the Ordovician

First land plants

420 BCE

Non-flowering plants (gynosperms) such as the fern, this occurs in the so-called Silurian period

Important mountain ranges arise

420 BCE

In Europe and North America.

Appearance of the first cartiginous and bony fishes

380 BCE

Some of these species were the primitive shark and the coelacanth,
and this occurs in the Devonian.

2nd mass extinction of species.

370 BCE

This extinction occurs in the Carboniferous period, a little before the so-called Carboniferous glaciation.

Beginning of the amphibian age

340 BCE

The so-called age of amphibians originates at the end of the Devonian period and the beginning of the caboniferous, It passes from the ocean to the terrestrial .

Carboniferous glaciation.

300 BCE

This occurs at the end of the Carboniferous period

First reptiles

270 BCE

At the end of the Carboniferous period.

Formation of Pangea

250 BCE

This due to the great volcanic activity at the end of the Permian period and the end of the Paleozoic era.

Mesozoic

Period: 245 BCE to 66 BCE

The Mesozoic is the second era of the Phanerozoic eon and spans from 245 million years to 66 million years ago. It is subdivided into three periods, which are grouped together forming what is known as the Age of the reptiles. These periods are the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous.

First dinosaurs and mammals

240 BCE

The first mammals arose from the cynodonts, a group of reptiles. The current groups had their origin in this era.
some of those dinosaurs were Pterosaurus, Ichthyosaurus and as the first mammal the cynodont.All this happened in the Triassic period.

Pangea fracture

210 BCE

At the end of the Paleozoic all the plates with continental crust were grouped in the great continent Pangea, emerged and partly bordered by waters of shallow seas and surrounded by a plate of oceanic crust, on which the Panthalassa ocean was located. The grouping of all the continents in a single block or plate is especially unstable, hence, very quickly a major fracture tectonics began that ended with the fragmentation of Pangea.

Gymnosperm plant domain

200 BCE

In the Jurassic period, these plants dominated with species such as: Ginkgo or Albeto leaves.

Birds and the first lizards appear

160 BCE

At the end of the Jurassic period, certain species of birds and lizards appear, such as the Archaeoptreryx (bird) and the Tuatara (lizard).

The first angiosperm plants appear

120 BCE

The first angiosperm plants appear and with them the 4th mass extinction of species.This occurs during the cretasic period

Dinosaur domain

80 BCE

Dinosaurs dominated almost at the end of this era, excatamnete in the cretasic period, some of these species were the tricerapts, the stegosaurus and the tyrannosaurus.

Impact of possible meteorite

66 BCE

This possible impact of a meteorite against the earth could cause the mass extinction of almost all species, and in this way closes this Mesozoic era.

Cenozoico

Period: 66 BCE to 2021

The Cenozoic is the third age of the Phanerozoic eon and covers from 66 million years ago to the present, it is considered the age of mammals, it is subdivided into three periods: the Paleogene, the Neogene and the Quaternary which is the current period.

Continuation of the formation of the continents

60 BCE

The evolution of birds and mammifers also continues, these underwent a great development forming during this time of the Paleogene and the following, the current species.

The mountain ranges of southern europe emerge

50 BCE

Africa and India move north and the mountain ranges of southern Europe (Pyrenees, Balkans), and Asia (Himalayas, Caucasus) emerge

Appearance of the ramapithecus

24 BCE

Appeared at the end of the Paleogene period.

The formation of the Andes mountain range ends.

20 BCE

New species of hominids

20 BCE

They appear in the neogene, homo habilis evolves to homo erectus, then this evolves to neanderthanlensis.

Formation of the Rift valley in Africa

10 BCE

New species appear

4 BCE

These species originated shortly before the ice age such as the saber-toothed tiger and the mammoth.

Ice Age

2 BCE

At this time, homo Neanderthalensis is extirpated and a new evolved species emerges from a common ancestor. this species is homo sapiens and appears in the quaternary period