Dinosaurs

Biota ediacárica

600 BCE

In this period of time, the first multicellular organisms evolved in the oceans. They had soft body's and they had shapes like a disk or leaf.

Paleolitic

Period: 541 BCE to 260 BCE

Trilobites

540 BCE

They are arthropods that lived in the Paleolitic era. There have been described around 4.000 species that appeared in the Cantabric Ocean. https://www.britannica.com/animal/trilobite

Myllokunmingia

525 BCE

It appeared the oldest vertebrate that we ever know. Its length was of 28mm. https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-Lower-Cambrian-agnathan-vertebrate-Myllokunmingia-fengjiaoa-Shu-Zhang-Han-gen-et_fig3_225090001

Eusthenopteron

385 BCE

It was the first terrestrial vertebrates, the tetrapods, and it’s length was 1.5 to 1.8 metres (5 to 6 feet) long and was an active carnivore, with numerous small teeth in its broad skull. The overall pattern of the skull bones is similar to that of early tetrapods, but the vertebral column was not very well developed in that the vertebral arches were not strongly fused to the vertebral spools, and the arches did not interlock between vertebrae, as they do in tetrapods.

Dunkleosteus

380 BCE

Three hundred fifty-eight million years ago, a shallow sea teeming with marine life covered Northeast Ohio. Dunkleosteus terrelli, the largest predator and one of the fiercest creatures alive in the Devonian “Age of Fishes,” ruled the subtropical waters. Up to 20 feet in length and weighing more than 1 ton, this arthrodire fish was capable of chopping prehistoric sharks into chum! https://www.cmnh.org/dunk

Tiktaalik

375 BCE

Tiktaalik roseae, an extinct fishlike aquatic animal that lived about 380–385 million years ago (during the earliest late Devonian Period) and was a very close relative of the direct ancestors of tetrapods (four-legged land vertebrates). The genus name, Tiktaalik, comes from the Inuktitut language of the Inuit people of eastern Canada and is a general term for a large freshwater fish that lives in the shallows. https://www.britannica.com/animal/Tiktaalik-roseae

Ichthyostega

367 BCE

Ichthyostega were the first known tetrapods studied from the Devonian period. Ichthyostega was a “labryinthodont”, which is a clade of vertebrates intermediate to fish and amphibians. Even though it is not considered to be a true amphibian, it does posses key similarities. Specifically, it possessed lungs and limbs, which allowed it move efficiently through shallow water and onto land. These four-legged animals were found in fossils in eastern Greenland.

Dimetrodon

270 BCE

Dimetrodon, (genus Dimetrodon), extinct relative of primitive mammals that is characterized by a large, upright, sail-like structure on its back. Dimetrodon lived from about 286 million to 270 million years ago, during the Permian Period, and fossils of the animal have been found in North America. https://www.britannica.com/animal/Dimetrodon

Mezopotamic

Period: 252 BCE to 100 BCE

Eodromaeus Murphi

230 BCE

Eodromaeus (meaning "dawn runner") is a genus of carnivorous theropod dinosaur from the Late Triassic period. It is a basal theropod which lived during the late Triassic period (middle Carnian age, about 232–229 million years ago) in what is now Argentina. Eodromaeus was named in 2011 and the type species is Eodromaeus murphi. It has been cited by Sereno as resembling a supposed common ancestor to all dinosaurs, the "Eve" of the dinosaurs.
https://dinopedia.fandom.com/wiki/Eodromaeus

Juramaia sinensis

160 BCE

A fossil discovered in northeast China has pushed back mammal evolution 35 million years and provides new information about the earliest ancestors of most of today's mammal species—the placental mammals. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/meet-your-newest-ancestor/

Archaeopteryx

145 BCE

Generally accepted by paleontologists as the first known bird, Archaeopteryx inhabited the area that is now Germany, 144 to 159 million years ago. It evolved from small carnivorous, or meat-eating, dinosaurs called theropods, a suborder of the dinosaur order Saurischia, which includes the lizard-hipped dinosaurs. The physical anatomy of Archaeopteryx was similar to a chicken-sized theropod called Compsognathus. https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/Archaeopteryx/316485

Bevhalstia pebja

130 BCE

The first plants and flowers appeared in Earth. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/big-bloom

Cenozoico

Period: 66 BCE to 1 BCE

Tyrannosaurus rex

65 BCE

Tyrannosaurus rex, whose name means “king of the tyrant lizards,” was one of the most ferocious predators to ever walk the Earth. With a massive body, sharp teeth, and jaws so powerful they could crush a car, this famous carnivore dominated the forested river valleys in western North America during the late Cretaceous period, 68 million years ago.This dinosaur’s muscular body stretched as long as 40 feet. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/facts/tyrannosaurus-rex

Ukhaatherium nessovi

65 BCE

The postcranial skeleton of Ukhaatherium nessovi, a eutherian mammal from the Upper Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert, Mongolia, is described. Nearly the entire skeleton is represented by three skeletal assemblages associated with each other, found in Nemegt Basin. Morphological comparisons of Ukhaatherium are made with several other mammals, including placentals, marsupials, and Asioryctes, another Cretaceous eutherian from Mongolia.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1671/2399-10

Australophitecus afarensis

4 BCE

Australopithecus afarensis is an extinct species of australopithecine which lived from about 3.9–2.9 million years ago in the East Africa. The first fossils were discovered in the 1930s. The International Afar Research Expedition, unearthed several hundreds of hominin specimens in Hadar, Ethiopia, the most significant being the exceedingly well-preserved skeleton “Lucy" and "the First Family". https://www.britannica.com/topic/Australopithecus

Smilodon

2 BCE

Smilodon is a genus of the extinct machairodont subfamily of the felids. It is one of the most famous prehistoric mammals and the best known saber-toothed cat. Although commonly known as the saber-toothed tiger, it was not closely related to the tiger or other modern cats. Smilodon lived in the Americas during the Pleistocene epoch (2.5 mya – 10,000 years ago). The genus was named in 1842 based on fossils from Brazil https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Smilodon