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Roanoke
Roanoke was an English settlement that was abandoned the year after establishment due to lack of supplies and poor relations with the Native Americans. A few years later, another English party arrived, but their Captain John White had to return to England. The Spanish attacks on England delayed his trip for 3 years. When he finally returned to Roanoke, there was no sign of other colonists, giving Roanoke the name of "The Lost Colony". https://roanokeisland.net/history/ -
Jamestown
Jamestown was America's first permanent English colony. Three ships from London set off to start a money-making colony. The colonists settled near the Indians, and John Rolf married the Indian chief's daughter, Pocahontas, to ensure peace between the English and the Indians. http://historyrocket.com/American-History/timeline/1600-1799/jamestown/Who-Founded-Jamestown.html -
Salutary Neglect
Lasting from 1607-1763, the Salutary Neglect was the unwritten British policy for governing the American colonies. Colonists were, for the most part, left to look after their own affairs. The practice lasted for generations. There was an attempt to end this policy and reassert British authority in the 18th century, which lead to the American Revolution. http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-salutary-neglect.htm -
House of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses was an assembly of elected representatives from Virginia. It was a legislative body that consisted of sessions with the governor and the governor's Council. Two burgesses from each county were sent to the house, some petitioned as representatives. Most members were of the gentry class. The House of Burgesses is even responsible for being the training ground of many of America's Founding Fathers. https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/House_of_Burgesses -
Mayflower/Plymouth/Mayflower Compact
About 100 English men and women sailed for the New World on the Mayflower. In late December of 1620, they arrived at Plymouth. More than half of the original settlers died during that first winter, but those remaining made peace with the Native Americans. The Pilgrims created the Mayflower Compact, which set up the foundation for the Pilgrims to govern themselves. http://www.history.com/topics/plymouth
https://www.reference.com/history/did-mayflower-compact-establish-c5a09096ab502efb -
Great Migration
Lasting from 1620-1640, approximately 70,000 Puritan refugees migrated from England to North America because they believed the Church of England could not be reformed. Even though they did not agree with the Church leadership and practices, they still upheld their allegiance to the Church. http://familypedia.wikia.com/wiki/Great_Migration_(Puritan) -
New York
New York was one of the original 13 colonies located on the Atlantic coast. It's classified as one of the middle colonies and was founded by the Duke of York who gained control of the colony. https://www.landofthebrave.info/new-york-colony.htm
https://www.thoughtco.com/new-york-colony-103878 -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
A group of about 1000 Puritan settled here from England under the leadership of Governor John Winthrop. King Charles I granted permission to establish the colony. The company was made to transfer the wealth of the New World to stockholders in England, but the settlers transferred the charter to Massachusetts, resulting in a political venture instead of a commercial one. https://www.thoughtco.com/massachusetts-colony-103876 -
Maryland
King Charles I gave a royal charter to George Calvert. His son, Cecil, founded Maryland in 1632. About 200 Catholic settlers sailed for Maryland. It was originally Catholic, but when the Maryland Toleration Act was passed, it guaranteed religious tolerance only to Christianity. Catholicism was outlawed in Maryland until after the Revolutionary War. Maryland eventually became a plantation economy, growing tobacco as a cash crop. http://mrnussbaum.com/history-2-2/marylandcolony/ -
Connecticut
Connecticut is one of the original 13 colonies located in the northeastern corner of the country. Governor John Haynes and Puritan minister Thomas Hooker are considered the founders of the Connecticut colony. Haynes led 100 people to present day Hartford, and Hooker gave a sermon on the principal of government, which influenced those who wrote the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut. http://www.history.com/topics/us-states/connecticut
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticut_Colony -
Rhode Island
Founded by Roger Williams, Rhode Island became a place for those who believed in separation of church and state. Those who did not agree with church rules came to places where this was accepted. Rhode Island was composed of four settlements, three being Portsmouth, Newport, and Providence, where Roger Williams lived. https://www.thoughtco.com/rhode-island-colony-103880 -
Maryland Toleration Act
The Maryland Toleration Act was a pragmatic solution to a serious problem. The Catholics had become a minority of the population and risked being treated poorly by the Protestant majority. The Toleration Act provided protection for Catholics, though the Catholic Church never became the established church. In the eighteenth century this distinction was given to the Church of England. http://www.let.rug.nl/usa/documents/1600-1650/the-maryland-toleration-act-1649.php -
Enlightenment
The Enlightenment began in Europe and eventually reached America. In Europe, the Enlightenment was responsible for inspiring education, science and literature. Advocates highly stressed the power of humans. It challenged the role of religion, which America then saw it could challenge the King. It challenged God's role and allowed people to see the ability they had to shape their own lives. http://historyrocket.com/American-History/The-Great-Awakening-And-Enlightenment-In-Colonial-America.html -
Carolina
A disruption caused a temporary distraction from colonizing the New World. When Charles II assumed the throne, the Carolinas were created from Restoration colonies. The southern part severely dealt with slaves. Soon the slave economy reached the shores of Carolina. The inhabitants of the northern parts were indentured servants. Slavery existed here, but in far smaller numbers than southern parts. In 1712, North and South Carolina became distinct colonies. http://www.ushistory.org/us/5c.asp -
Bacon's Rebellion
Nathaniel Bacon led Virginian settlers in a rebellion against the rule of Governor William Berkeley. Bacon led the uprising because of the high taxes, low tobacco prices, and because Berkeley gave special treatment. Bacon, with his supporters, forced Berkeley to give permission to continue his campaigns . https://www.nps.gov/jame/learn/historyculture/bacons-rebellion.htm -
Pennsylvania
William Penn founded Pennsylvania. In England, he drew up the First Frame of Government, his proposed constitution. The proprietor arrived in Pennsylvania and summoned a General Assembly. This first Assembly united Delaware and Pennsylvania and adopted the Great Law, which became the fundamental basis of Pennsylvania law. When Penn returned to England, the foundations of the Quaker Province were well established. http://www.phmc.state.pa.us/portal/communities/pa-history/1681-1776.html -
Salem Witch Trials
The Salem Witch Trials took place in Massachusetts and were a series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft. Despite what people think, the Salem Witch Trials didn't just take place in Salem - they happened in multiple towns. The Salem witch Trials resulted in a total of 20 people dead. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salem_witch_trials -
Great Awakening
The Great Awakening was responsible for fulfilling people’s need for religious purpose and unifying colonies. People united in the Christian faith and life. However, it weakened the importance of clergy. The movement also led to creation of different sects, advocating religious tolerance. The authority of the clergy being challenged, making it easier to challenge the authority of the King. http://historyrocket.com/American-History/The-Great-Awakening-And-Enlightenment-In-Colonial-America.html -
Albany Plan
The purpose of the Alban plan was to place British North American colonies with a more centralized government. Representatives from seven of the North American colonies adopted the plan. The Plan was never carried out, but it was the first important proposal for the colonies to be a collective whole under one government. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan -
French-Indian War
Lasting from 1754-1763, The French-Indian War occurred because of a struggle between Britain and France. French expansion of the Ohio River Valley brought conflict to the British colonies. After many battles throughout the years, the peace conference in 1763 resulted in Britain gaining Canadian territories from France and Florida from Spain. http://www.history.com/topics/french-and-indian-war -
Proclamation of 1763
At the end of the French-Indian War, the British issued a proclamation to establish governments for their new territories, to encourage peace between colonists and Indians, and to keep colonists confined to the coasts to prevent future issues between Native Americans and the colonists. This angered the colonists; they wanted the benefits that came with western lands. http://www.revolutionary-war-and-beyond.com/proclamation-of-1763.html
http://www.answers.com/Q/What_was_the_proclamation_of_1763
