-
Period: 500 to 1450
Medieval Era
-
800
Charlemagne (reigned 800-814)
Introduced 500-600 songs into worship -
900
Musica Enchiriadis
This describes the motion of the voices being parallel or oblique. Vox Principalis is the melody, and Vox Organalis is the second voice. -
1030
Guido of Arezzo's Micrologus
Introduced 4 line staff, relative pitch, and sight singing -
1098
Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179)
Nun who wrote lots of musics. -
1100
Troubadour/Trobairitz
1100-1350 -
1163
Notre Dame School Polyphony
Leonin- 1163-1190
Perotin- 1190-1225 -
1280
Franco of Cologne/Ars Cantus Mensurabilis
Developed mensural notation (double long, long, breve, semi-breve) -
1300
Guillaume de Machaut (1300-1377)
this man revolutionized the church musics. -
1323
Ars Nova Treatise
Philippe de Vitry, developed notation even further (breve, semibreve, and minum) -
1325
Francesco Landini (1325-1397)
Famous organ player and namesake of the Landini cadence. -
1450
Gutenberg Printing Press
-
Period: 1450 to
Renaissance
-
1515
Josquin's Missa Pangue Lingua
-
1529
Martin Luther's Ein feste burg
-
1538
Arcadelt's Il bianco e dolce cigno
-
1567
Palestrina's Pope Marcellus Mass
-
1580
Concerto delle Donne Ferrara (1580-97)
Italian Spice Girls, but not really. They put the female voice on the market in Italy -
Sonata pian' e forte (Gabrieli)
Venice, St. Mark's Cathedral, first piece of music to specify dynamics and instrumentation. -
Period: to
Baroque Period
-
Monteverdi's L'Orfeo
The first opera -
First Public Concerts in England
People could now pay to hear music, which meant the middle class had some influence over music, as opposed to nobility and the church. -
Johann Sebastian Bach
Weimar 1708-1717
Cöthen 1717-1723
Leipzig 1723-1750 -
George Fredric Handel
1710-named music director for Elector in Hanover
1711-Rinaldo
1714-Elector becomes King George I
1718-1729-Royal Academy of Music -
Purcell's Dido and Aeneas
Purcell's only opera, and is influenced by French and Italian trends. -
Antonio Vivaldi's L'Estro Armonico
Set of 12 concertos for strings, published in Amsterdam -
(6) Brandenburg Concertos
Combined elements of solo concerto and concerto grosso -
Rameau's Traité de l'harmonie
The basis of modern music theory -
The Well-Tempered Clavier Vol. 1
E Q U A L T E M P E R M E N T 24 Preludes and fugues -
Period: to
Pre-Classical Period
-
Franz Joseph Haydn (1732-1809)
Op. 33 1782
1784- Gathering of connoisseurs that were "tolerable"
The Creation 1798
The Seasons 1801
Farewell Concert 1808 -
Handel's Messiah
Divided into 3 parts, each about a different part of Jesus' life -
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)
Tours: 1762-1774
Salzburg: 1774-1781
Vienna: 1781-1791 -
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)
The man who needs no explanation on who he is.Born in Bonn, Germany, 1787, went to Vienna. 1792, moved to Vienna. -
Period: to
Viennese Classical Period
-
Chevalier de Saint-Georges (1745-1799)
Director of Concert des Amateurs from 1773-1775 -
Haydn's Op. 33 String Quartets
-
Mozart's Piano Concerto No. 23
-
Mozart's Don Giovanni
-
Haydn's London Symphonies (1791-1795)
-
Franz Schubert (1797-1828)
Romantic composer primarily for piano. Put a lot of poems by Goethe to song, like Der Erlkonig and Gretchen am Spinnrade. Held evening "concerts" at his home called Schubertiades. -
Symphony No. 5 in C Minor (1804-1808)
Da da da daaaaaaaaaa. Also featured cutting edge trombones. -
Der Erlkönig
A poem by Göthe, really popular because people liked premature death. Also, the composition was pretty cool. -
Rossini's Il Barbiere de Siviglia
Premiered in 1816, cavatina, cantabile, and cabaletta. -
Paganini's 24 Caprices for Unaccompanied Violin Op. 1
Composed in 1805, but published in 1820. -
Symphony No. 8 "Unfinished" 1822 (?)
-
Symphony No. 9
Premiered in 1824. Beethoven's last symphony. Used a choir. -
Chopin's Mazurkas Op. 7
Traditional Polish folk songs written for piano because Chopin got homesick and wanted to preserve his heritage. Usually, mazurkas were for a band. -
Berlioz Symphonie fantastique
Berlioz's first and most famous work. Written because Berlioz was obsessed with Harriet Smithson. A primary example of programme music, which is music that tells a story. -
Schumann's Carnaval Op. 9 (1834-35)
21 piano pieces that cycle between characters at a ball, such as Florestan, Eusebius, Chiarina, and Estrella. -
Fanny Mendelssohn-Hensel Das Jahr
One of the best piano suites written. -
C.W. Schumann's Liebst du um Schönheit
Poem by Friedrich Ruckart, one of C.W. Schumann's more famous compositions. -
Berlioz Treatise on Instrumentation
Discussed the instruments to be used in an orchestra, how the orchestra should function, and how the conductor should be an interpreter of the music, rather than just keep time. -
Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy Violin Concerto in E minor Op. 64
Really influential work that encouraged that all the movements be connected, as opposed to being abstract when compared to each other. -
Verdi's La Traviata
-
Gottschalk's Souvenir de Porto Rico (1857-58)
A solo piano piece that incorporated syncopated rhythms, and this slapped when it was received in Europe, and it still slaps to this day I love this piece so much. -
Wagner's Tristan und Isolde
You know, tonality was a myth. -
Mussorsky's Boris Gudunov
Opera of a man who becomes tsar...one way or another. Lotta unconventional harmony because Russian composers liked to break rules. -
Bizet's Carmen
Ended up being the most popular opera of all time even though it wasn't well received initially. -
Wagner's Der Rind des Nibelungen
4 music dramas, and it has Flight of the Valkyries, so it's pretty cool. -
Brahms' Symphony No. 4
Brahms was a neo-classicist, so used many un-romantic chord progressions and harmonies. This symphony uses voice, so that's pretty cool. -
Mahler's Symphony No. 1 "Titan"
The story of a hero. The third and fourth movements are masterpieces. -
Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker
Ballet choreographed by some famous choreographer. Music is pretty cool, too. -
Dvorak's Symphony No. 9 "New World"
Czech composer lives in America whilst surrounded by other Czech composers writing music to encapsulate the American Spirit. -
Dubussy's Prélude à l’aprés midi d’un faune
Orchestral impressionistic work -
Joplin's Maple Leaf Rag
-
Sibelius' Finlandia
Orchestral work that later became the national anthem of Finland. -
Puccini's Madama Butterfly
Some chad American tries to wife up a geisha woman but leaves her and she kills herself. -
Schönberg's Pierrot Lunaire
-
Stravinsky's Le sacre du Printemps
-
Schönberg's Piano Suite, Op.25
-
Gerschwin's Rhapsody in Blue
-
Louis Armstrong's Hotter Than That
-
Dimitri Shostakovich's Symphony No. 5
Fire symphony that was very well received after its premiere. -
Sergei Prokofiev's Alexander Nevsky
Started off as film music, now it's standard repertoire. -
Duke Ellington's Cottontail
-
Olivier Messiaen's Quatuor pour le fine du temps
This 50 minute quartet uses bird calls, and was inspired by the Book of Revelation. -
Bela Bartók's Concerto for Orchestra
-
Aaron Copland's Appalachian Spring
Music for the namesake ballet. -
John Cage's 4'33"
The best, most virtuous piano piece ever written that totally isn't a joke. -
Edward Varese's Poem Electronique
Debuted at the 1958 World Fair. -
Miles Davis' Kind of Blue
Maaaaan, jazz is too complicated. Let me just lay back and play some "cool" jazz. -
George Crumb's Black Angels
A fever dream of a piece that protests the horrors of war, more specifically, the Vietnam War. -
John Adams' Short Ride in a Fast Machine
Upbeat "fanfare for orchestra".