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Asylum for Education of the Deaf and Dumb
Some school districts created manual training classes in place of general education classes for struggling students. By 1890, many children were learning life skills such as carpentry, metalwork, sewing, cooking, and drawing in these manual classes. They were also taught social values in these classes focusing on African-American children's “moral training” (Wright & Wright, 2004). -
Oliver Brown v. Board of Education
The U.S. Supreme Court outlawed racial segregation in public schools ending the five-year case. This helped open the door for special education reform based on equal rights for all students (Brown v. Board, n.d.). -
The Training of Professional Personnel Act of 1959
This public law (86-158) helped train leaders to educate students with mental retardation (A History of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, n.d.). -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
An act to improve and strengthen educational quality for all the Nation's schools. This act provided states with direct grant assistance to help educate children with disabilities (A History of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, n.d.). -
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act
This act guaranteed a free and appropriate public education to any child with a disability in every state across the country (A History of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, n.d.). -
The 1986 Reauthorization Public Law 99-457
This was an act to amend the Education of the Handicapped Act to authorize early intervention programs for infants and young toddlers (A History of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, n.d.). -
American's with Disabilities Act
This act became law in 1990. The ADA is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life (An Overview of the Americans with Disabilities Act | ADA National Network, n.d.). -
The 1990 Reauthorization of Public Law 110-476
This act changed the law's name from EHA to Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA), adding traumatic brain injury and autism as disabilities (A History of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, n.d.). -
The 1997 Reauthoriztion of Public Law 105-17
Worked to improve educational results for students and their families. States were also given the authority to expand the "developmental delay" definition for students up to age 9 (A History of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, n.d.). -
No Child Left Behind Act 2002
Worked to increase teacher accountability by requiring schools to ensure that all students meet state standards. This act encouraged educators to set high expectations for their students and provided federal funds to help educators aid students in meeting those expectations (THE BUSH RECORD - FACT SHEET: No Child Left behind Has Raised Expectations and Improved Results, n.d.). -
The IDEA Reauthorization Act 2004
In 2004 IDEA was reauthorized to align with the No Child Left Behind Act. The new act called for intervention services for children not identified as having disabilities, greater accountability, and higher standards for educators (A History of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, n.d.). -
Rosa's Law
This law changes the wording in the IDEA federal law for students with "mental retardation" to "intellectual disable". It also revised similar wordings in other acts such as the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 and the Every Student Succeeds Act of 2015 (A History of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, n.d.).
