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Council for Exceptional Children (CEC)
The International Council for the Education of Exceptional Children was organized by a group of administrators and supervisors in 1922. The Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) is a professional association of educators dedicated to advancing the success of children with exceptional needs. CEC accomplishes its mission through advocacy, standards, and professional development. https://www.cec.sped.org/About-Us/CEC-Milestones -
PARC v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania & Mills v. Board of Education, DC
Prior to the 1971 cases, children with disabilities were routinely denied a public education. PARC was the first significant challenge to laws throughout the United States that prohibited or excluded students with mental disabilities from attending school. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QtFmp3XduaQ -
The Debbie School (subdivision of University of Miami)
The educational services of the Debbie School are delivered to children and families through three separate programs: the Early Education Program, the Auditory/Oral Education Program, and the Infant • Toddler • Preschool Education Program. For more than 30 years, the Debbie School has conducted research on problems impacting children with special needs and provided early intervention services for children and their families. -
Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) for Students With Disabilities
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 also known as FAPE protects the rights of individuals with disabilities. FAPE provides all qualified persons with disabilities within the jurisdiction of a school district to be entitled to a free appropriate public education -
Due Process IDEA
IEP due process is protected under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and provides parents with the right to resolve disputes with your school district. -
Hendrick Hudson Board of Education vs. Rowley
The Education of the Handicapped Act (Act) provides federal money to assist state and local agencies in educating disabled children and assures that all disabled children have the right to a free appropriate public education. The ruling provided children with disabilities access to public schools, in which the student must be given an individualized educational program (IEP). -
Irving Independent School District. v. Tatro
Allows for students with disabilities to receive all supportive services necessary in school unless a physician is necessary (i.e. schools can administer medications or give other medical treatment that a physical is not required for). -
School Committee of the Town of Burlington v. Department of Education of Massachusetts
The ruling gave the parent a right to reimbursement of private school tuition in certain situations. If a school district’s public education does not meet the definition of free appropriate public education, the parent has the option of private school placement that does give FAPE, then they could get reimbursed. -
J.M. v. Montana High School Association
IDEA guarantees that all children with disabilities have available to them a free appropriate public education and related services to meet their unique needs. This case allowed for related services to include sports. The Montana Supreme Court encouraged educators to include sports in IEPs. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) 2004 Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) Mandate
Requires that children with disabilities including children in public or private institutions are educated with children who are not disabled, and special classes, separate schooling, or other removal of children with disabilities from the regular educational environment occurs only when the nature or severity of the disability of a child is such that education in the regular classes with the use of supplementary aids and services cannot be achieved satisfactorily.
