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First School of Special Education
Rhode Island opened the first public special education class in the U.S. in 1896. By 1923, almost 34,000 students were in special education classes. In search of training techniques for these children, the schools turned to the institutions. -
Section 504
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act allows protection from discrimination of special needs and disabilities. This law is considered the first law giving protection to students with special needs. This law includes FAPE and LRE. Students are eligible when they have either a physical or mental disability that inhibits their learning experience. YouTube video - https://youtu.be/pxx6rQqIjpY -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
This act made sure that all students with disabilities are educated in public schools. EAHCA included providing free educations, special education for children 3-21, supplemental services, due process, zero reject, and least restrictive environment. Provide equal access to education and one free meal a day for children with physical and mental disabilities. -
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
Least Restrictive Environment is the requirement in federal law that students with disabilities receive their education. The maximum extent appropriate, with nondisabled peers and that special education students are not removed from regular classes. A child spends the entire day in a general education class and gets supports and services like a tutor or aide, assistive technology, related services, or accommodations. -
Board of Ed. Of HHCD V. Rowley
A landmark case that designed the Rowley Two-Part test in determining whether FAPE is being met according to a student IEP. The two part test consists of questions asking if the school fulfilled the procedures of IDEA and “is the IEP developed through the procedures. Rowley affirmed the process definition of appropriate education. Enroll the child, evaluate, do an IEP, and place him or her in the least restrictive environment. -
National Center for Learning Disabilities (NCLD)
NCLD improves the lives of the 1 in 5 with learning and attention issues by empowering parents and young adults, transforming schools, and advocating for equal rights and opportunities. NCLD has worked to create a society in which every individual possesses the academic, social, and emotional skills needed to succeed. Provide leadership, public awareness and grants to support research and innovative practices in learning disabilities. website- https://www.ncld.org/ -
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) represents the pinnacle of the equal education movement. IDEA has roots in the same civil rights movement that gave rise to Brown v. Bd. of Education. IDEA has a four-part piece of legislation that ensures students with a disability are provided with Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) that is tailored to their individual needs. -
No Child Left Behind Act
No Child Left Behind was signed into law by President George W. Bush. This law states that all students should be proficient in math and reading by 2014. This law had some states asking to not be part of it. Some schools have been caught falsifying scores while others took it seriously and reported if they were not proficient.