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Thanks to the Brown v. Board of Education segregation ended in all public schools. Thanks to this case, individuals with disabilities saw a light at the end of the tunnel. For the first time, the government helped minorities that had experienced segregation. Video: Timetoast -
The PARC (Pennsylvania Association of Retarded Children) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania helped children with disabilities equality in the school system. This case also was the first major legal case to give equality to students with disabilities. Free education was guaranteed to all children including children with intellectual disabilities. -
Seven children int he District of Columbia were denied education due to their varying abilities. These children did not have the right to special education so their parents decided to fight for them. Mills vs Board of Education of the District of Columbia gave these children the right to special education to children of all abilities. -
The Education of Handicapped Children Act also known as EHA was enacted by congress. This law forced schools that received federal funding to accept children with disabilities. It also forced the schools to provide a free meal and protect the rights of children with disabilities and their families. -
This Board of Education of Hendrick Hudson Central School vs. Rowley clarified the definition of FAPE which is Free Appropriate Public Education. Rowley was a deaf student and her school denied her an interpreter (sign language). This case helped children with all disabilities to get the help that they need in all aspects of their development. -
John Doe was a student who was unable to control his impulses, he was suspended from school due to an incident. After this case, schools are not allowed to expel students due to their behaviors related to their disabilities. -
The Education for all Handicapped Children Act was reauthorized, expanded and name was changed to IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. This federal law supports the special education and related services to children with disabilities. This law also includes the IEP which is an Individual Educational Plan. -
Garret was a student who needed a wheelchair and was dependent upon a ventilator and his school district denied services to attend school. In a 7-2 court decided that the school should provide the supplemental services to attend school. -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) was the main law in general education for grades from K-12. This law was only in the United States and it lasted from 2002 thru 2015. Schools were accountable for how children learned and achieved. Schools that didn't improved were penalized. Relevant Website: Timetoast -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA) has four parts. Part A outlines the purpose and defines terms. Part B explains requirements for public school children aging from three to 21. Part C explains requirements for children from birth to two. Part D includes resources and initiatives to improve special education. -
Jacob was a six year old autistic child from Parma City School, whose parents had issues when trying to represent their child in court without an attorney. The Winkelman vs Parma City School District case allows parents to pursue IDEA claims on their behalf.