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In 1798, the Fifth Congress passed the first federal law concerned with the care of persons with disabilities (Braddock, 1987).
This law authorized a Marine Hospital Service to provide medical services to sick and disabled seamen -
One positive event of this era was the beginning of special education. As teachers in public schools became aware of the increasing numbers of students with learning disabilities, they called for special classes and teachers to educate them. Rhode Island opened the first public special education class in the U.S. in 1896. By 1923, almost 34,000 students were in special education classes.
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A popular textbook for educators by Stanley P. Davies advocates strict control and confinement of persons with disabilities to protect society.
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The concept of "normalization" originated in Denmark in the late 1950's. It meant quite simply allowing persons who lived in institutions to enjoy a normal rhythm of the day.The normalization principle helped to convince people that individuals with disabilities belong in the community.
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The first International Special Olympics Games were held in Chicago in 1968.physical education teacher with the Chicago Park District, began with the idea for a one-time Olympic-style athletic competition for people with special needs.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Olympics_World_Games -
Activist Judy Heumann speaks out with passion at a hearing during the battle over Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. This act made it illegal for any federal agency, public university, defense or other federal contractor, or any other institution that received federal funding to discriminate against anyone solely on the basis of disability.
https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/biog/144458.htm -
IDEA is the latest amendment to the Education of the Handicapped Act (EHA), Public Law (P.L.) 94-142 has guided the delivery of special education and related services since its passage in 1975. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is the most recent law barring discrimination against individuals with disabilities.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XMndYNEGFA -
These amendments saw the need for early intervention and mandated services from birth. The amendments required the development of a comprehensive system of early intervention for infants.
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This law expanded the eligibility categories to include autism and traumatic brain injuries as well as defining assistive technology devices and services.
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This re authorization of IDEA saw the initiative for transition services. It required a transition plan to be a part of every IEP no later than the child’s sixteenth birthday. Many other major issues were addressed in this re authorization some of them include:
that every IEP must include present levels of performance, measurable goals, statement of services, and statement of accommodations or modifications; and that a regular education teacher must be involved in the IEP.
