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First school of special education
The American Asylum for the Education and Instruction of the Dead and Dumb in Hartford, Connecticut was the very first special needs school. In the first year, a total of seven children were selected. Being unable to communicate was the concept of stupid at the time. Arithmetic, literacy, writing, geography, history, and the Bible were all taught at the academy. -
Brown v Board of Edu.
The Supreme Court held in Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 that school segregation based on race was unconstitutional, even though services were distributed fairly. This would be the first time the executive branch campaigned for children who faced discrimination and injustice at colleges, and it paved the way for further disability laws. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aX9Dmo24_cc -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This act established the federal government's position in preserving and caring for children from low-income families so that they could have equitable provision of quality education. In addition to establishing a federal position in allocating public education funds to policy priorities such as poverty reduction, the ESEA entrusted funding administration to state governments in order to prevent scrutiny of federal regulation. -
(PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Amongst the most important legal cases involving the academic rights of children with disabilities is PARC v. the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. PARC filed a lawsuit against the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, alleging that the state's education policies have hindered and violated the freedoms of intellectually ill children. After this lawsuit the state does not and can not restrict any mentally disabled child access to a free public school and skills development. -
Vocational Rehabilitation Act
The first disabilities equal rights bill in the United States was passed. It forbids discrimination against persons with disabilities in federally funded activities and paved the way for the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act. Many people with disabilities will have more options in the workforce, government care, and educational institutions as a result of this reform. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
his is a state statute. Public Law 94–142 is another name for it. It mandates that all children with disabilities between the ages of 3 and 21 receive adequate educational care in school systems. Over time, EAHCA has been reinforced and extended. Here is an article with more information: http://commons.trincoll.edu/edreform/2012/05/the-education-for-all-handicapped-children-act-a-faltering-step-towards-integration/ -
Board of Edu. of H.H C.S.D v. Rowley
The idea of a fair and sufficient public schooling has been established. A Deaf fifth-grader, wore a hearing aid that enhanced her teacher's words. She outperformed the average student in her school and interacted well with her peers. Despite that she couldn't have been reaching her full potential and may have improved from a translator, the court ruled that states must offer adequate, though not optimal, resources for students to prosper from a public education on par with their typical peers. -
Edu of the Handicapped Act Amendments of 1983
This law mandated that all public schools that receive federal funding offer fair access to schooling and one decent lunch a day to individuals with developmental disabilities. It also made permanent discretionary activities, developed resources to ease the transition from school to work through testing and implementation initiatives, developed parent training and information centers, and secured funds for early treatment and early childhood special education project implementation and studies. -
(IDEA)
P.L. 94-142 is renamed and replaced (EAHCA). Establishes jargon for talking to persons with disabilities that is "people-first." Adds social work, assistive technologies, and counseling programs to special education services. Stretches due process and anonymity protections for students and caregivers. Adds two additional disabilities categories: autism and brain damage. -
(IDEA) (Public Law 105-17)
Makes it possible for special education teachers in inclusive education to help basic education children when appropriate. A representative of the Educational psychologist must be a general education instructor. Children with disabilities are required to participate in national and district-wide examinations. Requires states to provide arbitration to parents and educators as a free method for resolving conflicts. -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
This act placed responsibility of ensuring that states and schools improve the success of specific classes of pupils, such as English-language learners, special education students, and ethnic youth, whose progress lags compared to their counterparts. Enacted to provide a basis for "improving the success of America's elementary and middle schools while guaranteeing that no child is stuck in a failed school." The legislation kept schools responsible for how their students studied and progressed. -
(IDEIA)
(Public Law 108-446) Allows schools to use a response-to-intervention (RTI) model to determine if a child has a particular developmental disorder, which eliminates the requirement that a child demonstrate a significant achievement and academic capacity gap to apply. Tends to increase state funding for children who don't really need special education or similar programs to receive early intervention services.