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History of PE, Exercise Science, and Sport
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First YMCA
The first YMCA was founded in London. The first YMCA in the United States was founded in 1851. -
First intercollegiate competition
A crew (rowing) race between Harvard and Yale. Harvard won the race. -
First Baseball game
Williams and Amherst played first intercollegiate baseball game. Intercollegiate sports were growing rapidly in this time. -
PE Institute
Dioclesian Lewis established the Normal Institute for Physical Education in Boston to prepare teachers. -
PE in schools
California was the first state to require schools to offer physical education. Ohio was the second state to do so in 1892. -
Tennis
Tennis was introduced in 1974 along with other sports in the mid to late 1800's. In 1880, the US Lawn Tennis Association was made. -
Bikes
The first safety bike was invented for both males and females. Before this, a high wheeler bike was used that had a five foot tall front wheel and a short back wheel. -
Battle of the Systems
Advocates from each gymnastics system came together the have the Battle of the Systems. They came up with the Boston Conference on Physical Training. -
Basketball
Basketball was invented by James Naismith. This sport originated in the United States. -
Reestablishing Olympics
Baron Pierre de Coubertin reestablished the Olympic Games. He proposed the idea in 1992 to the governing athletic organization. -
First Olympics
First modern Olympics were held in Athens. Participation was limited to males with 28 events in four sports that include track and field, gymnastics, target shooting, and fencing. -
Disability PE
Robert Tait McKenzie developed a physical education program for individuals with disabilities. He was a physical educator at McGill University and the University of Pennsylvania. -
First woman professor
Delphine Hanna became the first woman to become a full professor of physical education. She taught at Oberlin College from 1885-1921. -
Four objectives of PE
Clark Hetherington articulated the four objectives of physical education. The objectives are organic development, psychomotor development, character development, and intellectual development. -
Athletic Practices
The Carnegie Foundation provided a grant for a study of intercollegiate athletics practices in American colleges and universities.The report was published in 1929 under the title of American College Athletics. -
PE Degrees
The Teachers College of Columbia University and New York University offered first doctoral degrees in PE. Other programs began to develop around the country as well. -
Intercollegiate Basketball
The National Association of Intercollegiate Basketball was established. This was for the purpose of providing an association for smaller colleges. -
Athletic Training
The National Athletic Trainers’ Association was founded. Physical educators and coaches stepped forward and became physical trainers. -
Girls Sports
The first National Institute on Girls’ Sports was held. Conference participants discussed ways to encourage girls and women to participate in sports. -
Special Olympics
The Special Olympics were founded in 1968. This provided competitive sport opportunities for people with mental retardation.