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the bureaucracy, a formal system of organization and administration designed to ensure efficiency and effectiveness. in this system, managers' formal authority derives from their positions,and managers' resposibilities and duties and the relationships between every position should be clearly specified.
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scientific management theory, focus on matching people and tasks to maximize effeciency. F.W. Taylor is best known for defining the techniques of scientific management.
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Harvard Business School is founded as a "delicate experiment" in the field of professional management training. Becomes the first university to require a college degree for admission!
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Fayol was at same time with Weber. Max Weber's principles od bureaucracy and Fayol's 14 principles of management are both belong to administrative management theory. Fayol's "14 Principles" was one of the earliest theories of management to be created, and remains one of the most comprehensive.
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behavioral management is the study of how managers should behave to motivate employees and encourage them to perform at high levels and be committed to the achievement of organizational goals, which is developed by Mary Parker Follett. they made a experiments for proving the principles, known as haethrone studies.
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Eventually, unions and government regulations reacted to the rather dehumanizing effects of these theories. More attention was given to individuals and their unique capabilities in the organization. A major belief included that the organization would prosper if its workers prospered as well. Human Resource departments were added to organizations.
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is a contemporary extension of scientific management theory from Tylor.Management Science Theory gives a quantitative basis for decision making. It specially deals with the development of mathematical models to aid in decision making and problem solving. This theory holds that managing is a logical and rationale process, so it can be expressed in terms of mathematical models.
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Social scientist Kurt Lewin launches the Research Center for Group Dynamics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His contributions in change theory, action research, and action learning earn him the title of the “Father of Organization Development:”
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a group of researchers from London's Tavistock Insitute of Human Relations, led by Eric Trist, studied a South Yorkshire coal mine in 1949. their research leads in the develpoment of the sociotechnical systems theory which considers both the social and the technical aspects when designing jobs.
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a theory that point out that organizational environment -- the set of forces and conditions that operate beyond an organization's boundries but affect a manager's ability to acquire and ultilize resources.
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Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory is published in his book Motivation and Personality. This provides a framework for gaining employee's commitment.
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Drucker writes The Practice of Management and introduces the 5 basic roles of managers. He writes:Organization structure must be designed so as to make possible the attainment od objectives of the business for five, ten, fifteen years hence.
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Frederick Herzberg developed a list of factors which are closely based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, except it more closely related to wprk. Hygiene factors must present in the job before motivators can be used to stimulate the workers.
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Developed by Douglas McGregor in his book "the human side of enterprise" in 1960s. These theories describe two contrasting models of workforce motivation that have been used in human resource management, organizational behavior, organizational communication and organizational development.
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the idea that the organizational structures and control systems manage choose depend on (are contingent on) characteristics of the external environment in which the organization operates.
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J.F. St G. Shaw, Partner, Preece, Cardew and Rider explore early form of 'CUSTOMER/SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIP'.
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With the Human Relations movement, training programs recognized the need to cultivate supervisory skills, e.g., delegating, career development, motivating, coaching, mentoring, etc. Progressive management schools now have students review a wide body of management topics and learn those topics by applying that knowledge in the workplace and reflecting on that application.
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as chaotic and random as world events seem today, they seem as chaotic in organizations, too. Yet for decades, managers have acted on the basis that organizational events can always be controlled. a new theory, chaos theory, recognizes that events indeed are rarely controlled.
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systems theory has had a significant effect on management science and understanding organization.
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This is actually a slow advance in process management that has the following roots: record management, workflow-1970, business process re-engineering(BPR)-1990,business process management (BPM)-2000.
