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Engraving is the practice of incising a design onto a hard, usually flat surface, by cutting grooves into it. The process was developed in Germany in the 1430s from engraving used by goldsmiths to decorate metal work.
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Around 1450, Johann Gutenbergs printing press made books widely available in Europe. The book design of Aldus manutius developed the book structure which would become the foundation of western publication design.
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William Caxton, who in 1477 started a printing company in England, produced the first printed poster.
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In 1870, the advertising poster emerged.
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The Dutch painter Piet Modrian in the years 1920-21 courageously introduced the style of minamalism in painting. His simple geometric compositions, togther with the use of 3 basic colors blue, yellow, and red.
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In 1921, Otto Neurath, an australian social scientist, introduced graphic design in order to facilitate the understanding of various social and economical trends through the use of creative statistical charts.
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The logos and pictograms for Olympic games change every four years and the sponsoring city develops their own logos. Pictograms firts appeared at the olympics in london 1948.
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Richard Avedon was an american photographer. Avedon capitalized on his early success in fashion photography and expanded into the realm of fine art. The beatles poster was a solarised poster, originally produced January 9, 1967 edition of the American magazine LOOK.
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In 1977, the New York state department of commerece recruited Milton Glaser, a productive graphic designer to work on a marketing campain for New York state.
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Hundreds of graphic designs of aniamls by the primitive people in the Chauvet cave, in the South of France, which were drawn earlier that 3,000 B.C.
