Timeline: History of Families and Family Resource Management - Kristen Jones

1840

Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution was the transition from creating goods by hand to using machines. After the Industrial Revolution, work was no longer centered in the home. Men went away for work, and family roles were more defined. The middle class family emerged, and the family became a symbol of stability.

Dec 3, 1842

Ellen Swallows Richards is Born

1882

Ellen Swallow Richards Publishes Book

The Chemistry of Cooking and Cleaning: A Manual for Housekeepers is a book that Swallow Richards publishes.

1890

Democratic Family Emerges

The democratic family emerges as a separate and private group in society where mates were selected through preferences and children were nurtured. Husbands go outside the home to work, and the wives stay home.

1908

The American Home Economics Association is Formed

Growing out of several summer conferences held at Lake Placid, New York, the American Home Economics Association is formed with Ellen Swallow Richards as its first president.

1910

Companionate Family Emerges

The companionate family is now the most common family form. Husband and wives are partners who married because they love each other.

Mar 30, 1911

Ellen Swallow Richards Dies

1922

Westermark Describes the Origin of Marriage

In 1922, Westermark describes the origin of marries as follows: the habit for a man and a woman to live together, to have sexual relations with one another, and to rear their offspring in common, the man, being the protector and supporter of his family and the woman being his helpmate and the nurse of his children.

1933

The First Food Stamp Card Becomes Available

This program is established in the midst of the Great Depression. Food and goods are distributed those among hunger relief agencies. These cards are used to buy goods at a fraction of their normal cost.

1968

Talcott Parsons Creates the Structural-Functional Theory

This theory views individuals as members of many interrelated systems, one of which is the family.

1984

Juliet Mitchell Suggests Families Provide Four Functions

These functions are as followed: production, reproduction, socialization, and sexuality.

1993

Home Economics Changes It's Name

Five leading associations recommend changing the name from home economics to family and consumer sciences. They found the old title too restrictive and too laden with incorrect assumptions about research, application, and curriculum.

1996

Tadmor Studies Definition of a Family

Tadmor studied the definition of a "family" as it appeared in 18th-century English writings. She found that the term included not only immediate blood relatives in the household but also servants and other relatives in residence.

1999

Gibbs and Campbell Report that Religious Groups and Social Groups Experiment with Different Forms of Familial Social Bonds in America.

Gibbs and Campbell report that religious and social groups experiment with different forms of familial social bonds in the Americas during the 19th century. The practice of polygyny existed in some Native American cultures.

2013