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DNA was first isolated by the Swiss physician, who discovered a microscopic substance in the pus of discarded surgical bandages. As it resided in the nuclei of the cell, he called it nuclein.
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The proposal of the 'inborn' errors of metabolism.
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He identified the base, sugar, and phosphate nucleotide unit. He suggested that DNA consisted of a string of nucleotide units linked together through the phosphate groups.
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Hermann Muller conducted three experiments in1926-1927that demonstrated that exposure to x-rays, a form of high-energy radiation, can cause genetic mutations, changes to an organism's genome, particularly in egg and sperm cell
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He was trying to find a vaccine against streptococcus pneumococcus, but instead made a breakthrough in the world of heredity. he did experiments in which he injected strands of bacteria into mice.
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Wiliam Astbury produced the first x-ray diffraction patterns that showed that DNA had a regular structure.
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He studied the genetic control of the ornithine cycle. He and his colleagues investigated mutant strains and they concluded that DNA is the transforming principle, and they published the results.
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He discovered two rules that helped lead to the discovery of the double-helix structure of DNA, strongly hinting towards the base pair makeup.
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They were the first to obtain very good x-ray diffraction images of the DNA fibers. At the time, little was known about the structure of DNA.
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James Watson and Francis.C. began to examine the DNA's structure. Using previous x-ray diffraction photos of DNA fibers they discovered that it showed an x shape, which is also characteristic of a helix.
