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  Captain James Cook sailed to the Arctic Circle and did not find any land.
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  Captain Thaddeus Bellingshausen a Russian naval officer first sighted the continent .
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  Edward Bransfield discovered Antarctica and claimed it for the UK
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  The first landing of the French
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  The British and the French claim Antarctica as a continent.
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  The British established there first base at Ross Island by Ross Scott.
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  One of Ernest Shackleton's polar exploration teams reached the Magnetic South Pole.
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  Douglas Mawson led the Australian Antarctic expedition
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  The Endurance crosses the Antarctic Circle.
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  Sir Ernest Shackleton left South Georgia Island on the HMS Endurance in the Weddell Sea in Antarctica.
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  The photographer Frank Hurley took the photo of the Endurance trapped in the ice.
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  The Endurance trapped in -70 to -80 degrees.
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  First sighting of Antarctic continent (Coats Land).
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  Elephant Island appeared on the horizon.
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  Lincoln Ellsworth and Herbert Hollick-Kenyon were the first people to fly over Antarctica.
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  Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition was created on Macquarie and Heard Islands.
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  A special research program was set up that allowed scientists from all over the world the opportunity to share their ideas about Antarctica.
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  The Antarctic Treaty was signed by 12 nations.
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  Australian Antarctic Territory was established.
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  A 160-square-mile block of ice breaks off from the Wilkins Ice Shelf in Western Antarctica.