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The Confederates (South) opened fire on this federal fort in the Charleston Harbor. Fort Sumter surrenedered 34 hours later and the Union troops tried to take it back for 4 hours.
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General Mcdowell leads 30,000 men against General Johnston's 22,000 Southern troops in an attempt to crush the rebels and go "On to Richmond." The South wins and the Union troops flee back to Washington.
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General Burnside attacks Lee's inclosed position and suffers 10,000 deaths.
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After the long seige Vicksburg surrendered to Grant. Now all of the Mississippi is in the Union's control.
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General Hooker was defeated by Lee although Jackson was by accidentally shot and killed by his own troops.
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There was over 165,000n soldiers participating the largest battle ever in the Western Hemisphere. After a long three days of fighting General Robert E. Lee withdraws leaving 4,000 dead Southerners (Confederates). Overal 23,000 Union (North) soldiers die and 28,000 Confederates (South) soldiers die.
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General Ulysses S. Grant is able to push back Southern troops and prepare for attack on Atlanta and the heart of the confederacy with his reinforced (Northern) troops from the East.
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General Ulysses S. Grant is preparing for attack on Richmond. Lincoln gives Grant unconditional support and asks not to be notified on his plans when Licoln's Cabinet complains that Grant is a drunk and tries to interfere with his (Lincoln's) command.
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General Sherman destroys Atlanta and then sends troops on a 300 mile destructive march to the sea. There are railroads torn up, buildimngs destroyed, and crops were burned in an attempt to brake the will of the South.
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The surrender occurred in the village of Appomattox Court House, Virginia in a private home owned by the McLean family.
