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Locomotive
It is a part of the railway equipped with a motor that moves or drags the wagons. From their beginnings in the early 19th century to the mid-20th century, locomotives were steam powered. The first steam locomotive was built by Richard Trevithick in 1804, 10 years before George Stephenson's engine. This machine did not work because it was running on cast iron rails inappropriate for its weight. Until 1825, the use of steam locomotives was exclusive to railway lines in coal mines. -
Photography
It is a technique of obtaining images by the chemical action of light on a surface with certain characteristics.
Based on the camera obscura principle, an image captured by a small hole is projected onto a surface in such a way that the size of the image is reduced. To capture and save this image, photographic cameras use sensitive film for chemical photography, while in digital photography sensors such as CCD, CMOS, etc are used; which then record the images in digital memories. -
Anesthesia
It is a temporary absence of the sensitivity of a part of the body or of its totality caused by the administration of a chemical substance, by hypnosis or as a cause of a disease. It was invented by William Morton.
General anesthesia is characterized by hypnosis, amnesia, analgesia, muscle relaxation, and the abolition of reflexes.
Anesthesia is administered by the anesthesiologist or anesthesiologist, who is the doctor who practices anesthesiology and resuscitation. -
Phone
It is a communication system that transmits voice and sound over a long distance by electrical or electromagnetic means.
It was invented by Antonio Meucci, who in 1854 built his first prototype, although he did not formalize his patent due to financial difficulties, presenting only a brief description of his invention in the United States Patent Office in 1871. -
Incandescent lamp
It is a device that produces light by means of heating by the Joule effect of a metallic filament, specifically of tungsten, until it turns white, through the passage of electric current. It was invented by Heinrich Göbel.
The light bulb is one of the inventions most used by man since its creation to date. According to a list in Life magazine, it is the second most useful invention of the 19th century. -
Margarine
It is a fat invented in 1869 by the French chemist Henri Mêge-Mouriès, based on beef fat
It was created for a contest organized by Napoleon III, the last Emperor of France, with the aim of discovering a suitable way to replace butter and make something more affordable for the lower classes. He won the contest and named it margarine, taken from a Greek term that translates to "pearl." -
Soap
It is a solid or liquid substance that, mixed with water, is used to wash or wash clothes, scrub, etc .; It is obtained from the combination of an alkali with the acids of oil or other fatty substances. It was invented by William Hesketh Lever.
The fatty acids that are used as raw material for soap are the following:
Vegetable oils: coconut, soy, corn, olive, flax, cotton.
Animal oils: fish, animal fats. -
Electric generator
It is a device capable of maintaining a difference in electrical potential between two of its points, transforming mechanical energy into electrical energy. It was invented by Nikola Tesla.
Although the current generated is alternating current, it can be rectified to obtain direct current. The accompanying diagram shows the induced current in a simple single-phase generator. Most AC generators are three-phase. -
Antibiotics
It is a chemical substance produced by certain fungi and that destroys microorganisms, especially bacteria. It was invented by Ernest Duchesne in 1897 -
Aspirin
It is a drug composed of acetic and salicylic acids that has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties. It was invented by Felix Hoffmann.
It is used as a medicine to treat pain (analgesic), fever (antipyretic) and inflammation (anti-inflammatory), due to its non-selective inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase.
