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Henry Ibsen

  • 1828

    1828 – Henrik Ibsen is born on March 20 in Skien, Norway, into a wealthy merchant family. His early years were comfortable but would later be affected by family financial troubles.
  • 1836

    1836 – Ibsen’s family begins to face financial difficulties, which forces them to live more modestly and impacts his childhood environment.
  • 1844

    1844 – At 16, Ibsen starts working as an apothecary apprentice in Grimstad. This period is important as he begins writing poems and short plays while working there.
  • 1845

    1845 – During his apprenticeship, Ibsen experiments with poetry and drama, exploring his early interest in writing and storytelling.
  • 1850

    1850 – Ibsen writes his first play, Catilina, a historical tragedy that marks his entry into serious playwriting, although it is not successful at first.
  • 1851

    1851 – He moves to Bergen and begins working at the Norwegian Theatre, where he gains experience in playwriting and theatre production.
  • 1852

    1852 – While in Bergen, Ibsen writes several plays and takes on directing duties, developing his skills despite limited audience approval.
  • 1857

    1857 – Ibsen is appointed director of the Norwegian Theatre in Christiania (now Oslo), giving him more control over productions and play selections.
  • 1859

    1859 – He writes several early plays during this period that reflect his efforts to develop Norwegian drama, though they receive mixed reviews.
  • 1862

    1862 – Ibsen ends his role as director at the Norwegian Theatre, having gained significant practical knowledge despite not achieving great success.
  • 1864

    1864 – Ibsen leaves Norway for self-imposed exile, mainly living in Italy and Germany, where he focuses on writing and developing his style away from Norwegian audiences.
  • 1866

    1866 – He writes Brand, a verse tragedy about a priest who demands absolute dedication, which earns him recognition in Scandinavia.
  • 1867

    1867 – Ibsen completes Peer Gynt, a poetic and imaginative play based on Norwegian folklore, which becomes one of his most popular works.
  • 1871

    1871 – While living in Italy, Ibsen refines his writing style, moving towards realism and deeper psychological exploration.
  • 1879

    1879 – A Doll’s House premieres, shocking audiences with its critical view of marriage and social roles, sparking widespread debate.
  • 1882

    1882 – He writes An Enemy of the People, which criticizes political corruption and the suppression of truth by society.
  • 1881

    1881 – Ibsen writes Ghosts, a play that confronts social hypocrisy and taboo topics such as inherited disease, facing censorship but gaining critical attention.
  • 1890

    1890 – Ibsen completes Hedda Gabler, presenting a complex female character struggling with societal constraints and personal freedom.
  • 1891

    1891 – Ibsen’s plays gain widespread influence, establishing him as a leading figure in modern realistic theatre.
  • 1906

    1906 – Henrik Ibsen dies on May 23 in Kristiania (now Oslo), Norway, leaving a profound legacy in world drama.