-
Period: 500 to Jan 1, 1000
Salzburgers Arrive
The Georgia Salzburgers, a group of German-speaking Protestant colonists, founded the town of Ebenezer in what is now Effingham County. Arriving in 1734, the group received support from King George II of England and the Georgia Trustees after they were expelled from their home in the Catholic principality of Salzburg (in present-day Austria). -
Jan 1, 1000
Arachaic
The archaic period of Georgia lasted from about 10,000 to 3,000 years ago. Archaeologists have divided this very long period into
3 main subperiod early, middle and late. Each is distinguished by important things changes in cultural traditions, which generally follow a trend toward increasing social complexity. -
Jan 1, 1000
Woodland
The woodland was a period of prehistory broadly witness development of many trends that began sooner than the archaic period. -
Period: Jan 1, 1000 to Jan 1, 1500
Charter of 1732
The first twenty years of Georgia history are referred to as Trustee Georgia because during that time a Board of Trustees governed the colony. England's King George signed a charter establishing the colony and creating its governing board on April 21, 1732. -
Period: Jan 4, 1000 to
Constitutional Convection
By 1786, Americans recognized that the Articles of Confederation, the foundation document for the new United States adopted in 1777, had to be substantially modified. The Articles gave Congress virtually no power to regulate domestic affairs--no power to tax, no power to regulate commerce. Without coercive power, Congress had to depend on financial contributions from the states, and they often time turned down requests. -
Period: to
Henry Ellis
Henry Ellis, the second royal governor of Georgia, has been called "Georgia's second founder." Georgia had no self-government under the Trustees (1732-52), and the first royal governor, John Reynolds (1754-57), failed as an administrator. -
Period: to
Georgia Ratifies Constitution
The convention, chaired by George Washington, had the authority to revise the Articles of Confederation. It went far beyond that. Instead, after four fractious months and grudging compromise, the 55 delegates produced an entirely new system of governing, with three independent branches of government. The small states feared being swallowed up by the larger ones, and many people objected to what was missing: a Bill of Rights. -
Period: to
Elijah Clarke
Among the few heroes of the Revolutionary War from Georgia, Elijah Clarke (sometimes spelled "Clark") was born in 1742, the son of John Clarke of Anson County, North Carolina. He married Hannah Harrington around 1763. As an impoverished, illiterate frontiersman, he appeared in the ceded lands, on what was then the northwestern frontier of Georgia, in 1773. -
Period: to
John reynolds
John Reynolds, a captain in the British royal navy, served as Georgia's first royal governor from late 1754 to early 1757. Little is known about Reynolds's early life except that his birth occurred in England circa 1713 and that at fifteen years of age he volunteered for service in the British navy. His career advanced slowly but steadily. He obtained command of his first vessel, the fireship Scipio, in 1745, and the next year he served as captain of the Arundel, a forty-gun vessel. -
Period: to
James Wright
James Wright was the third and last royal governor of Georgia, serving from 1760 to 1782, with a brief interruption early in the American Revolution (1775-83). Almost alone among colonial governors, Wright was a popular and able administrator and servant of the crown. -
Period: to
Hernando de Soto
The first European to explore the interior of what is now the state of Georgia was Hernando de Soto. In fact, De Soto entered the state on two occasions during the course of his expedition. Hernando de Soto was born about the year 1500 in Extremadura, Spain. -
Period: to
Austin Dabney
Austin Dabney was a slave who became a private in the Georgia militia and fought against the British during the Revolutionary War (1775-83). He was the only African American to be granted land by the state of Georgia in recognition of his bravery and service during the Revolution and one of the few to receive a federal military pension. -
Period: to
American Revolution
The American Revolution (1775-83) probably affected both the system of slavery and the lives of individual slaves more in Georgia than in any other British colony. -
Dred Scott Case
he first Georgian appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court, James Moore Wayne served a historically long tenure, from 1835 to 1867, during a tumultuous time in U.S. history. Although his legal legacy and impact are limited, he played a significant, if understated, role on the Court at a time when its position within the nation's governmental system was still developing. -
Eli Whitney and The Cotton Gin
Cotton gin is a machine that quickly and easily separates cotton fibers from their seeds, allowing for much greater productivity than manual cotton separation.The fibers are processed into clothing or other cotton goods, and any undamaged cotton was used for clothes. Seeds may be used to grow more cotton or to produce cottonseed oil and meal. -
Worcester vs. Georgia
n the court case Worcester v. Georgia, the U.S. Supreme Court held in 1832 that the Cherokee Indians constituted a nation holding distinct sovereign powers. Although the decision became the foundation of the principle of tribal sovereignty in the twentieth century, it did not protect the Cherokees from being removed from their ancestral homeland in the Southeast. -
Emancipation Proclaimation
Emancipation did not come suddenly or easily to Georgia. The liberation of the state's more than 400,000 slaves began during the chaos of the Civil War (1861-65) and continued well into 1865. -
Battle of Antietam
A brigadier general in the Confederate army, Alfred Iverson Jr. captured the highest-ranking Union officer ever taken prisoner during the Civil War (1861-65), Major General George Stoneman. Iverson led forces in the Battles of Gaines' Mill and Chancellorsville in Virginia, Antietam in Maryland, and Gettysburg in Pennsylvania -
Period: to
Highland scots Arrive
The first twenty years of Georgia history are referred to as Trustee Georgia because during that time a Board of Trustees governed the colony. England's King George signed a charter establishing the colony and creating its governing board on April 21, 1732 -
Compromise of 1850
With the nation facing the potential threat of disunion over the passage of the Compromise of 1850, Georgia, in a special state convention, adopted a proclamation called the Georgia Platform. The act was instrumental in averting a national crisis. -
Tom Watson and the Populists
The public life of Thomas E. Watson is perhaps one of the more perplexing and controversial among Georgia politicians. In his early years he was characterized as a liberal, especially for his time. In later years he emerged as a force for white supremacy and anti-Catholic rhetoric. -
Eection f 1860
The sectional crisis of the 1850s, in which Georgia played a pivotal role, led to the outbreak of the Civil War (1861-65). Southern politicians struggled during the crisis to prevent northern abolitionists from weakening constitutional protections for slavery . -
Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg, fought from July 1 to July 3, 1863, is considered the most important engagement of the American Civil War. After a great victory over Union forces at Chancellorsville, General Robert E. Lee marched his Army of Northern Virginia into Pennsylvania in late June 1863 -
Battle of Chickamauga
The Battle of Chickamauga, fought September 19–20, 1863, marked the end of a Union offensive in southeastern Tennessee and northwestern Georgia called the Chickamauga Campaign -
Andersonville Prison Camp
The Andersonville National Historic Site, located near Andersonville, Georgia, preserves the former Camp Sumter, a Confederate prisoner-of-war camp during the American Civil War -
Sherman's Atlanta Campaign
The March to the Sea, the most destructive campaign against a civilian population during the Civil War (1861-65), began in Atlanta on November 15, 1864, and concluded in Savannah on December 21, 1864. Union general William T. Sherman abandoned his supply line and marched across Georgia to the Atlantic Ocean to prove to the Confederate population that its government could not protect the people from invaders. -
Sherman's March to the Sea
Sherman's March to the Sea is the name commonly given to the military Savannah Campaign in the American Civil War, conducted through Georgia from November 15 to December 21, 1864 by Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman of the Union Army -
Period: to
Georgia founded
Self-taught artists have made significant contributions to Georgia's artistic heritage. Their works range from small, idiosyncratic drawings to elaborate outdoor environments. Although many self-taught artists are by no means uneducated, as a group they lack formal training in art. -
Thirteenth Amendment
The Thirteenth Amendment (Amendment XIII) to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. In Congress, it was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, and by the House on January 31, 1865. -
Fifth Amendment
The Fifth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution provides, "No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime -
Freedman's Bureau
The U.S. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, popularly known as the Freedmen's Bureau, was established in 1865 by Congress to help former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the U.S. Civil War (1861-65). -
Union Blockade of Georgia
The battle between ship and shore on the coast of Confederate Georgia was a pivotal part of the Union strategy to subdue the state during the Civil War (1861-65). -
Ku Klax Klan Formed
Founded in 1866, the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) extended into almost every southern state by 1870 and became a vehicle for white southern resistance to the Republican Party’s Reconstruction-era policies aimed at establishing political and economic equality for blacks. -
Fourteenth Amendment
The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments. -
International Cotton Exposition
International Cotton Exposition (I.C.E) was a world's fair held in Atlanta, Georgia, from October 5 to December 31 of 1881 -
Trail of Tears
In his 1942 painting Cherokee Trail of Tears, Robert Lindneux depicts the forced journey of the Cherokees in 1838 to present-day Oklahoma. -
Georgia Platform
With the nation facing the potential threat of disunion over the passage of the Compromise of 1850, Georgia, in a special state convention, adopted a proclamation called the Georgia Platform. The act was instrumental in averting a national crisis. -
Missouri Compromise
On September 18, 1895, the African American educator and leader Booker T. Washington delivered his famous "Atlanta Compromise" speech at the Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta. Considered the definitive statement of what Washington termed the "accommodationist" strategy of black response to southern racial tensions, it is widely regarded as one of the most significant speeches in American history. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537, was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision upholding the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal" -
Capital Moved To Louisville
After the British left, the capital was moved to Augusta, then Louisville while a new city was being built on the Oconee River, reflecting the western move of Georgia's populace. -
Yazoo Land Fraud
Yazoo land fraud, in U.S. history, scheme by which Georgia legislators were bribed in 1795 to sell most of the land now making up the state of Mississippi (then a part of Georgia's western claims) to four land companies for the sum of $500,000, far below its potential market value. -
1906 Atlanta Riot
The Atlanta race riot of 1906 was a mass civil disturbance in Atlanta, Georgia (USA), which began the evening of September 22 and lasted until September 24, 1906 -
Henry McNeal Turner
Henry McNeal Turner was a minister, politician, and the 12th elected and consecrated bishop of the African Methodist Episcopal Church; he was a pioneer in Georgia in organizing new congregation -
Booker T. Washington
Booker Taliaferro Washington was an African-American educator, author, orator, and advisor to presidents of the United States. Between 1890 and 1915, Washington was the dominant leader in the African-American community. -
Leo Frank Case
The Leo Frank case is one of the most notorious and highly publicized cases in the legal annals of Georgia. -
University of Georgia Founded
The University of Georgia, founded in 1785, and commonly referred to as UGA or simply Georgia, is an American public land-grant and sea grant research university. -
County Unit System
The County Unit System was a voting system used by the U.S. state of Georgia to determine a victor in statewide primary elections from 1917 until 1962. -
WEB DuBois
W.E.B. Du Bois (1868-1963) is widely recognized as a significant figure: for his pursuit of social justice, for his literary imagination, and for his pioneering scholarly research. He is read with profit today in the academic fields of sociology, literature, and history, and in the trans-disciplinary realms of urban studies and gender studies. Nevertheless, Du Bois was, and remains still, a contentious figure. -
Dahlongea Gold Rush
There are several popular stories of the beginning of Georgia's gold rush;
Benjamin Parks is said by some to be the person who discovered gold in Georgia.
Benjamin Parks
but in fact, no one is really certain who made the first discovery or when. According to one anecdote, John Witheroods found a three-ounce nugget along Duke's Creek in Habersham County (present-day White County). Another says that Jesse Hogan, a prospector from North Carolina, found gold on Ward's Creek near Dahlonega. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
An 1856 political cartoon attacks the proslavery platform of the Democratic Party. In the lower right corner, two slaves kneel before an overseer. One asks, "Is this democracy?" The overseer responds, "We will subdue you." In the left background a Kansas settlement burns, representing the violent response to the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854. -
Paleo
The paleo is generally agreed that these early people came to the Americas from asia,
either by way of landbridge that formed across the bering strait or possibility by use of
simple water-craft which they could paddle from is land to island. -
Period: to Jan 1, 1000
Missippian
The Mississippian Period was in the midwestern and southeastern part of theunited states which lasted from about A.D. 800 to 1600, villigars he development of some of the most complex societies that ever existed in North America.