Fig05

Geology Time Scale

  • Cambrian period 570-500 mya

    Cambrian period 570-500 mya
    Earliest Record of Marine life- Trilobites are dominant
  • Ordovician 500- 435 mya

    Ordovician 500- 435 mya
    MEchinoderms ( Starfish, Sand dollar , sea urchin and seacucumbers). Invertebrates are dominant, mollusks becomeabundant. Earliest Fish that are Jawless and later, jawed andarmored fish.
  • Silurian 435 M- 395M

    Silurian 435 M- 395M
    Earliest terrestrial plants and animals. Tiktaalik Eurypterids develop
  • Devonian 395 M- 345M

    Devonian 395 M- 345M
    Armored fish go extinct, but abundance of several species of fish.
    Earliest amphibians and ammonites.
  • Carboniferous 345M-280M (Mississippian, Pennsylvanian)

    Carboniferous 345M-280M (Mississippian, Pennsylvanian)
    Abundant sharks and amphibians. Large swamps and coal forming
    forests. Earliest reptiles. Scale trees and seed ferns
  • Permian 280 M-225M

    Permian 280 M-225M
    Extinction of many types of marine animals including trilobites.
  • Triassic- 225M-195M

    Triassic- 225M-195M
    Earliest Dinosaurs, abundant cycads and conifers
  • Jurassic 195M-136M

    Jurassic 195M-136M
    Earliest birds and mammals abundant dinosaurs and
    ammonites
  • Cretaceous- 136M-65M

    Cretaceous- 136M-65M
    Earliest flowering plants, climax of dinosaurs followed
    by their extinction. Great decline of brachiopods.
    Abundance of bony fish.
  • Tertiary- 65 M- 1.8M

    Tertiary- 65 M- 1.8M
    Earliest Placental Mammals, modern mammals,
    large running mammals
  • Quaternary- 1.8 M – Present

    Quaternary- 1.8 M – Present
    Large Carnivores, Neanderthals, Humans,
    mastodons