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Temujin, later known as Genghis Khan, was a name that his father gave him after a warrior he had killed in battle.
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Ballista - Giant bows that could break through walls.
Jurchen People - One of the tungusic people that inhabited the region of Manchuria.
Khan - Leader
Andas - Blood Brothers
Aurag - Source -
Because he raided/conquered/looted/destroyed so many places, he had many enemies that wanted to kill him.
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Temujin and his father were on a journey to find Temujin a wife. They found a man who had a daughter named Borte who was 1 year older than him. They decided they were going to marry, so Temujin had to stay at their home and work. When Yesugei was going back, he found a group of Tatars who were eating together. Since he was so hungry, he went and ate with them. But the Tatars remembered that Yesugei killed one of them and poisoned his food. He later died and Yesugei's clan abandoned his family.
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Temujin traveled across the steppe when he was 16 to claim Borte as his wife. She was kidnapped in a Merkid raid on Temujin's camp. Temujin rode down to his allies to ask for help to get his wife back and Toghril offered him 20,000 soldiers plus another 20,000 from his anda, or blood brother, Jamuka. They rode down to the Merkid camp and successfully rescued Borte.
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In 1206, Temujin summoned a meeting near is birthplace along the Onon River. Thousands of people attended and all the tribes of the Mongolian steppe officially proclaimed Temujin as their leader. He was given the name Chinggis Khan, chin means strong or fearless and khan means leader. Today, he is known as Genghis Khan. From then, all the tribes were called the Great Mongol Nation.
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Genghis Khan starts the Mongol-Jin war by invading the Jurched cities of the Golden Khan, Shenyang, Shandong, Hebei, and Shanxi. The war lasted 23 years and ended in 1234, after Genghis Khan's death. There were many battles fought in the war, and it results in a Mongol victory and the destruction of the Jin Dynasty.
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Since the Mongols attacked the Jurched cities of China, they brought home many slaves, treasure and wealth.
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The Mongol Empire just wanted a peaceful trading partnership, but in 1219, Genghis Khan sent a caravan of 450 merchants to try to trade with them. Muhammad II called them spies and slaughtered them all. Genghis Khan sent some men to demand an apology, but the Sultan also killed them. Genghis Khan was furious and took 100,000 men and his sons with him to conquer the empire. By 1220, all the cities of the Khwarizm Empire had fallen to the Mongols.
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Genghis Khan wanted a peaceful trade with the Khwarizm Empire, but when he sent a caravan of 450 merchants to Ortar, the governor slaughters them and gets attacked and conquered. The governor is executed by having molten silver poured down his nose, eyes, and mouth.
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Genghis Khan had suffered and injury whilst hunting wild horses the Gobi Desert and suffered serious internal injuries. He also developed a high fever but he refused to stop. 6 months later, he died at a camp and his warriors took his body to an unknown burial place. They wanted to keep the tomb a secret so all who saw the funeral where killed and men with horses trampled all the footsteps, the men and horses were killed and the men who killed the men and horses were killed.
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Many Mongol leaders got inspiration from Genghis Khan and launched a seires of Mongolian invasions and conquests from 1206 to 1337. They invaded many countries like Russia, Persia, Eastern Europe, and tried to get to Japan, but failed due to the weather.
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Years after Genghis Khan's death, Mongolians today look to him as a great leader that made Mongolia known. They put his face on stamps, money, and even chocolate bars!
