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History of Special Education Legislation
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Brown vs. Board of Education
Brown vs. Board of Education Supreme Court Case that argued that separate school systems for blacks and whites were unequal and violated the Fourteenth Amendment in the U.S. Constitution. This was a prominent case that opened the door to changes in education even thought his did not include students who required special services or needs. -
Elementary & Secondary Education Act
http://educationpost.org/issues/taking-responsibility/esea-reauthorization/abcs-esea-child-left-behind/ A law that was passed that was set to improve the education standards and equity for students in lower-income families. This was done by having the government provide funds to those districts in need. The states and districts must show that they are working towards meeting the needs for ALL students, including those with developmental disabilities -
Bureau for the Education of the Handicapped
http://find.galegroup.com/gic/infomark.do?&contentSet=EBKS&idigest=fb720fd31d9036c1ed2d1f3a0500fcc2&type=retrieve&tabID=T0011&prodId=GIC&docId=CX2560000165&source=gale&userGroupName=itsbtrial&version=1.0 Implemented and created to provide necessary grants to states in order to improve the education programs for students with disabilities. This act improved the removal of barriers for to education for students in wheelchairs and also provided aides and therapy to required students. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
http://www.specialednews.com/special-education-dictionary/eha---education-for-all-handicapped-children-act.htm Schools that receive federal funds for operations must ensure that students that have a developmental disability will get one free meal every day in school and will be provided with a free and appropriate public education (FAPE). This was the first federal legislation that identified rights of children with needs from 3 to 21 years old. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individuals_with_Disabilities_Education_Act Formally known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) provides the same and equal opportunities in education for children with disabilities as those that do not have a disability. -
No Child Left Behind (NCLB)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Child_Left_Behind_Act Requires that all public schools that receive federal funding must provide standardized testing on an annual basis. This is required to continually assess students with basic skills and be able to provide an early intervention if needed. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Re-authorized
http://www.parentcenterhub.org/repository/schoolage/ Reauthorized in December of 2004, IDEA made many provisions to the legislation. One major provision was that each student needing any special education are required to have an individualized education program (IEP) developed and an IEP team assembled. This act guides how special servivces are made available in schools to address individual needs of students. -
Every Student Succeeds Act
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Every_Student_Succeeds_Act This act governs the United States' public education policies and replaces the No Child Left Behind (NCLB). It modified the provisions related to the standardized testing implemented to students. This act lessens the role of federal government in education.
