-
1835: Henry Goddard (1866–1957) matches two bullets to show they came from the same bullet mould.
-
1868: Friedrich Miescher (1844–1895) discovers DNA.
-
1875: Wilhelm Konrad Röntgen (1845–1923) discovers X-rays.
-
1880: Henry Faulds (1843–1930) shows that powder dusting will expose latent fingerprints.
-
1889: Alexandre Lacassagne (1843–1924) shows that marks on bullets could be matched to those within a rifled gun barrel.
-
1925: Philip Gravelle and Calvin Goddard (1891–1955) develop the comparison microscope.
-
1943: Oswald Avery (1877–1955), Colin MacLeod (1909–1972), and Maclyn McCarty (1911–2005) discover that DNA carries genetic information.
-
1954: Indiana State Police Captain R.F. Borkenstein develops the breathalyzer
-
1987: In England, Colin Pitchfork becomes the first criminal identified by the use of DNA.