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The first case ever recorded using forensic science was in 1247, the Chinese lawyer Sung Ts'u recounts a story of a murder near a rice field. The victim had been slashed with what the investigators suspected to be a sickle.
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Mathieu Orfila was considered the "father of toxicology" because he was the original founder of the principle. Orfila analyzed poison's effects on humans and created a method of detecting the presence of arsenic within murder victims. The method was called the Marsh Test.
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Used thumbprints on documents to identify workers in India
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The "father of criminal identification". He developed Anthropometry which uses body measurements to distinguish individuals
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Used fingerprints to eliminate an "innocent" burglary suspect
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Published his first "Sherlock Holmes" story; Considered the first "CSI", featured in four novels and 56 short stories, popularized scientific crime-detection methods.
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Published "Finger Prints". Conducted the first definitive study of fingerprints and their classification. Gave proof of their uniqueness
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Wrote the first paper describing the application of scientific principles to the field of criminal investigation. Published "Criminal Investigation
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Discovered the ABO blood groups, later received Nobel Prize
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Incorporated Gross' principles within a workable crime lab; became the founder and director of the Institute of Criminalistics at the University of Lyons, France.
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Published "Questioned Documents". Developed the fundamental principles of document examination
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Developed a method for determining blood type from dried blood
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Established the FIRST crime lab in the United States, located in Los Angeles
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Developed a comparison microscope; first used to compare bullets to see if fired from the same weapon
