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First forensic science manual published by the Chinese. This was the first known record of medical knowledge being used to solve criminal cases.
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First recorded physical matching of evidence leading to a murder conviction (John Toms, England). Evidence was a torn edge of newspaper in a pistol that matched newspaper in his pocket.
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San Francisco uses photos to identify a criminal, the first city in the US to do that.
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Henry Faulds and William James Herschel publish a paper describing the uniqueness of fingerprints.
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Juan Vucetich, an Argentinean police officer, is the first to use fingerprints as evidence in a murder investigation. He created a system of fingerprint identification, which is known as dactyloscopy.
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NY state prison system implemented fingerprint identification.
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Victor Balthazard and Marcelle Lambert publish first study on hair.
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A sound spectrograph discovered to record voices. Voiceprints started to be used in investigations and as court evidence from recordings of phones, answering machines, or tape recorders.
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Britain's Forensic Science Service develops online footwear coding and detection system. This helps police to identify footwear marks quickly.
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Michigan state university develops software that automatically matches hand-drawn facial sketches to mug shots stored in databases.
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Japanese researchers develop a dental x-ray matching system. This system can automatically match dental x-rays in a database, and makes a positive match in less than 4 seconds.
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