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Enlightenment philosophers had a significant impact on the world by bringing up the idea of life without an absolute monarch, natural rights, and lower taxes; eventually these ideas lead to the American Revolution when British colonists fought for independence from King George which helped American civilization advance into what it is today.
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“Montesquieu put forward the idea that there should be a separation of powers… Each of those different parts of government should have power but those powers should be balanced.” -
The government should be separate rather than having one person in charge so that the power could not be abused by one absolute monarch. -
“Colonists felt that they were fighting for their rights, they made this claim based on ideas of the enlightenment.” The colonists took their opportunity to follow the enlightenment while fighting the revolutionary war. -
“John Locke and this idea of a social contract and that the colonists believed that the British government was not acting in their best interest...and that connects the enlightenment idea that the government should be responsible for the people.” The colonists felt that the government was no longer being responsible with its power over the people and they believed that they were not acting in best interest so the British people rebelled. -
John Locke: Said that people have 3 natural rights “Life, Liberty, and property” and that made an impact on the Declaration of Independence “Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of happiness”. Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence that seems to be based on enlightenment ideas -
“The Townshend Act...Parliament again tried to assert its authority by passing legislation to tax goods that the Americans imported from Great Britain.” The colonists believed that taxation was unnecessary by the British government since the colonists did not have representation in the British government. -
“The Boston Massacre...when a disagreement between an apprentice wigmaker and a British soldier led to a crowd of 200 colonists surrounding seven British troops. When the Americans began taunting the British and throwing things at them, the soldiers apparently lost their cool and began firing into the crowd.” The British government was not protecting the colonists ‘the people’ or their rights causing the colonists to rebel against the government.
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“Boston Tea Party… The Sons of Liberty, a radical group, decided to confront the British head-on. Thinly disguised as Mohawks, they boarded three ships in Boston harbor and destroyed more than 92,000 pounds of British tea by dumping it into the harbor.” After parliament lowered taxes in the colonies, the Sons of Liberty destroyed tea so that it could not be transported as a result of the government abusing power over the British colonists. -
“Lexington and Concord… British General Thomas Gage led a force of British soldiers from Boston to Lexington, where he planned to capture colonial radical leaders Sam Adams and John Hancock, and then head to Concord and seize their gunpowder.” The British troops (sent by king George) were invading colonists property (3 natural rights) while trying to capture British colonial leaders.
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