-
Trading network lasting from the 1600’s to the 1800’s that carried goods and enslaved people between Europe, the Americas, and Africa.
-
First Europeans to sail to Australia were the Dutch
-
When British India started.
-
The British East India Company to begin controlling India’s political and economic life.
-
Captain James Cook sailed around Australia.
Cook named the area New South Wales.
Ignored the Aborigines living there & claimed the land for England.
Sailors also mapped the coast eastern Australia and Tasmania. -
British ships called the “First Fleet” left England with convicts to establish a prison colony.
-
British prisoners settled in Australia
-
New South Wales was officially a penal (prison) colony consisting mainly of convicts, marines (guards), and the marines’ families.
-
The Chinese government realized that the opium trade and addition was a problem.
-
It banned both the production and importation of opium.
-
The height of the trade Increase from 4,500 chests of opium per year to 40,000 chests of Opium per year. Britain’s profit increased from two million ounces of silver flowing out of China in exchange for opium in the early 1820s to about nine million ounces in the early 1830s.
-
The Chinese government outlawed the smoking of opium and imposed a punishment of beating offenders 100 times.
-
The East India Company ruled India.
-
Remnants of the tribes in the settled areas were moved onto Reserves.
-
It was the destination for the hardest of convicted British and Irish criminals, those who were secondary offenders having re-offended after their arrival in Australia.
-
The Opium War
-
-
Japanese period beginning in 1853 when Japan went from a non-industrial feudal nation to a modern, industrial and imperial power.
-
Arrival of Matthew Perry
-
A large number of British-trained
Indian sepoys rebelled against their British officers -
Hindus and Muslims revolted against the British
-
British crushed the rebellion
-
Government officials created boundaries for the colonies that are still in place today.
-
The Rulers Set the Tone
with Western Dress -
Henry Stanley of Belgium established a colony called Congo Free State
-
The “scramble for Africa” took place between 1875 and 1900.
-
-
Taking advantage of Egypt’s unrest, Britain occupied Egypt
-
European leaders wanted to avoid war…
Agree upon carving up African continent into colonies.
Drawn up without African participation.
Provided the basis for the subsequent partition (break up), invasion, and colonization of Africa by various European powers.
European armies sent to consolidate their claims & impose colonial rule. -
Only 5% of population could vote in 1890 election
-
High-school education for women
-
A transformation of political & economic Africa, with virtually all parts of the continent colonized by 1900.
-
separation was an official government policy which lasted for many decades.
Today, many Aboriginal people do not know their origins: which tribe they are descended from or the names of their parents and or grandparents. They are a lost generation. -
They attempt to throw out the foreigners
-
The Commonwealth of Australia was established.
-
Restricted migration to people primarily of European descent.
-
-
-
Japan annexes Korea
-
Melbourne served as the national capital until Canberra was completed in 1927
-
When British India ended.
-
Federal government began to pass legislation to help the Aborigines
-
Striking Aboriginal farmers changed political history by extending a demand for equal wages to a declaration of their rights of ownership of traditional lands.
-
Australia Act; all legal ties with the British Empire were severed.
-
55% of voters rejected the idea of becoming an independent republic.