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The invention of the steam engine created many changes and additions to the technology of the time, including steam-powered locomotives. Steam locomotives are vehicles that run on rails or tracks and are powered by steam engines.They also powered cotton Mills.
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Known as the Paul-Wyatt Cotton Mills, they were established to house roller spinning machinery invented by Lewis Paul and John Wyatt in Manchester. These were the first invention to develop cotton goods manually without human intervention. These first four mills were powered by donkeys and only remained in use for 1 year as it was not profitable.
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In Lancashire, flying shuttles were invented by John Kay and were very significant as they allowed a single weaver to weave much thicker and wider fabrics. It therefore greatly sped up textile production in individual households.
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Looms were most used in households to produce textiles for each family and for individual trade through the country. Cotton was traded thorugh canal routes and horseback. Through individual production, Cotton over-ruled silk and wool and soon became England's most important textile. As cotton continued it's popularity in the country, demands became extremely high and as making textiles on singular looms was very ardous, it was near to impossible to produce the cotton goods needed for society.
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The process of change from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing. This process began in Britain in the 18th century and from there spread to other parts of the world.
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Steam engines, invented by James Watt powered Mills instead of animals and water. This meant that cotton mills could be situated in more urban areas where trade and transportation was easier and more abundant.
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This was an attempt to regulate the hours and conditions of children working in the cotton industry. Once the act did pass, there was a minimal effect and it was decided that children between the ages of 9-16 were limited to 12 hours of work per day, but conditions still remained unhygienic and unorderly.
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The telegraph, invented by Samuel Morse, was extremely important to society during the industrial revolution because messages could be sent across the nation, people didn't have to physically put at risk for the delivery of messages and communication was much more reliable, faster and more efficient.
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The sewing machine was a major invention textile production because there was a decrease in the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies
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There were about 440,000 people employed in the cotton Industry
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All foreign trade was stopped and by 1930, 800 mills had hit bankruptcy and 34,500 workers had left the industry.
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Larger cotton mills used electricity and gas to power cotton mills which made production higher and more powerful therefore leading to the use of large engines.
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The majority of mills closed at an average rate of once a week. Foreign markets had begun to produce cotton textiles for much cheaper.
