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Period: Feb 10, 1483 to
Early Childhood Timeline
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John Locke
John Locke is a theoriest that said that the mind is a blanket slate. Development comes from parents and the caregivers through experiences children have in their enivornment. Locke said that experience and the environment form the mind. Not all children respond to long lectures, and would rather to be treated as humans that are able to have thought processes on their own. Children are not born with an innate sense of certain things. Example: They do not know that 2+2=4. -
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Rousseau was a naturalist. He was well known for the book Emile. He believed that children should learn from nature, and not be forced nor told what to do. He believed the in the idea of "unfolding". Unfolding was that the nature of the children and who they will become will unfold as a result of the development. Rousseau has 4 stages; Infancy, childhood, boyhood, and adolescences. -
Nursey School
Robert Own was the man who established the first nursery school in 1816. The idea of the school was to make sure children could do practical problems and experience what it is like to get punished. 45% of children under the age of 5 attended the school. They wanted to protect the children and make sure they could give them a better society. 1870 the government made standards for children because they would be more prepared to enter another school. -
John Dewey
Dewey's theory was known as the progressivism; which is based on childrens interests rather than the subject. Basically, let the children decide what they want to learn rather than teaching them the subject material. The childrens interests in things form the basis of their own curriculum. He wanted children to be interested and to choose what they wanted to learn instead of forcing them to learn about things they do not like. "Child-centered curriculum, and child-centered schools." -
Maria Montessori
The Montessori method was the method for education young children. Maria was the first woman in Italy to achieve her medical degree. She wanted to be involved in educational solutions for problems; deafness, paralysis, and mental retardation. She tested her ideas in her first home in Italy. She got teaching programs that helped the teachers to train to be a montessori teacher. Maria said that all the knowledge comes from sesnory experiences from people. -
Jean Piaget
Piagets theory was based on the cognitive development and on stages and ages. The stages were sesnsorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. All of these stages have different ages between them. He believed that is was important for the child to do mental and physical activities because it was helpful for the cognitive development. He conducted experiments, observing, and developing for his cognitive theory to learning. "Children actively seek knowledge." -
Lev Vygotsky
Vygotskys believed that childrens mental language, and social development is supported and helped by others through social intertactions with others. This is the Sociocultural theory; he thinks that learning can drive a child to development. Scaffolding is part of his development; scaffolding is the assistance of some person, a teacher, parent, or caregiver. Scaffolding is for children who cannot finish something on their own. Communication and dialogue with a child is just as important. -
Erik Erikson
Eriksons theory was influenced by Freud. Erikson came up with 8 stages called the Pyschosocial Stages. He believed that a crisis was to happen at each stage. The way parents act and/or the caregivers interact and show care and love will determine the childs cognitive and emotional development. No matter what, all children need to be shown care, love, and get an education. Childrens social skills and their personalities grow within being in society and societys expectations and values. -
Maria Montessori school opens
Maria Montessori opened a Childrens Home in Rome; which was the fisrt montessori school. It was a project that was in the low income area of Rome. The montessori school was for kids to have independence, freedom, and had respect for the childrens pyschological, physical, and social developemnt. She traveled around the world and tried to make her education approach well know. There are now over 220,000 Montessori schools in over 100 countries. -
Abraham Maslow
Maslows thoery was based on the self-actualization on needs motivation. He came up with the 5 stages in the Maslow hierarchy which was for the motivational needs of a human. Maslow wanted to understand what motivates people. He doesnt think that people can achieve self-actualization until they met all of the needs for life, which is the stages he has. Children need their aesthetic needs to be met before they can meet their self-actualize. Meeting basic needs comes before cognitive learning.