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The Dred Scott decision was the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling that having Dred Scott was not a person and could not sue as someone's property.
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Passed by Congress on January 31, 1865, and ratified on December 6, 1865, the 13th amendment abolished slavery in the United States declaring slavery to be illegal unless used as a punishment.
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The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1868, granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States including slaves, and that they would have equally protected rights.
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The 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution granted African American men the right to vote by declaring people can't be excluded by the vote through race or previous occupations.
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Plessy argued that the separation between black and white train cars was unconstitutional. The court ruled against him saying that separate but equal treatment was constituional. Segregation continued.
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Granted women the right to vote, and declares that sex does not affect one's eligibility to vote
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White primaries were elections held in the Southern United States in which only white people were allowed to vote.
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A proposed amendment to the United States Constitution to guarantee equal legal rights for all American citizens and eliminate legal distinctions between people. Has not been incorporated.
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Brown argued that not allowing students into schools based on race was unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause. The court unanimously ruled in favor of Brown.
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The House passed the 24th Amendment, outlawing the poll tax as a voting requirement in federal elections.
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Citizens in certain states needed to pay a fee to vote in the election. This fee was called a poll tax. On January 23, 1964, the United States added the 24th Amendment to the Constitution, banning any poll tax in federal elections.
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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
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Outlawed the discriminatory voting practices such as literacy tests and IQ tests being required to vote.
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President Lyndon B. Johnson issued an executive order prohibiting discrimination based on race, religion, color, national origin and later President Johnson amended the order to include sex on the list of attriutes.
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DId Idaho have the right to give the son's estate to the father purely because he was a male. The court decided unanimously that the act was unconstitutional and violated the 14th amendment.
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Bakke claimed that by accepting minorities who were less qualified for college, The University of California violated the 14th amendment. The Court agreed that any racial quota system supported by the government was unconstitutional and violated the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
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Bakke argued that accepting lesser qualified people only because they're minorities was unconstitutional. The Supreme Court agreed and said that it's unconstitutional for any government-supported school to favor minority candidates over others. Some Supreme Court members claimed that it violated the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
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Michael Hardwick was observed by a Georgia police officer while engaging in consensual homosexual sodomy with another adult in his home's bedroom. The act of sodomy was illegal at the time, and the Supreme Court decided that there was no constitutional protection for sodomy. This decision was later overruled in 2003.
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The ADA bans discrimination based on disability in employment, public services, public accommodation, and transportation
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Police entered Lawrence's apartment and saw him with another adult man breaking the law against certain sexual acts with another person of the same sex. The supreme court with a decision of 6-3 deemed that the Texas law violated the Due Process Clause.
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Same-sex couples argued that some states' refusal to acknowledge same-sex marriages was unconstitutional. The Supreme Court argued that refusing to acknowledge same-sex marriages violated the Due Process Clause in the 14th amendment.
