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Miescher
Miescher discovered nucleins. He found nucleins when he was working in Hoppe-Seyler's laboratory. He was tasked with the job of researching the composition of white blood cells. He found the most white blood cells in pus from infections. He got bandages a nearby clinic. He washed off all the pus and experimented and isolated a new molecule from the cell nucleus which was the nucleins. Miescher pave the way for the molecular discoveries that would come later on in the future. -
Chargaff
Chargaff discovered that the amount of adenine was in equal proportion to thymine. Also that is was the same case with cytosine and guanine. He argued that while there were only four different nucleic acids as opposed to 20 proteins, the number of different proportions in which they could exist and the many different orders in which they could be present on the DNA strand provided a basis of complexity sufficient for the formation of genes. His discovery also help Watson & Crick make their model -
Hershey & Chase
Hershey & Chase discovered that viral DNA is not a protein, but is in fact is the genetic code material. This was provided by the offspring of the phosphorus-labled bacteriophages. They found this discovery by experimenting with a bacterium called Escherichia coli and a virus called T2 that infects E.coli. They used radioactive chemicals to distinguish between the protein capsid and the DNA in the T2 virus. Showing that viral DNA did go into the bacteria. proving that viral DNA is gene material. -
Franklin
Rosalind also founded the double helix DNA strands. her discovery proved that the Waston and Crick DNA model was correct. She was part of X-ray crystallography unit at King's College. Working with a student,Franklin got 2 sets of photos of crystallized DNA fibers. One of the fibers was more hydrated than the other. She deduced the basic dimensions of DNA strands that the phosphates were on the outside of what was most likely the helical structure. -
Watson & Crick
Watson and Crick discover the double helix, or the twisted ladder stucture of DNA. This contribution to the DNA model yielded insights into into protein synthesis and the genetic code. This helped produce new and powerful scientific techinques, genetic engineering, monoclonal antibodies, specifically recombinant DNA research, and rapid gene sequencing. They discovered their findings by combining mulitple scientists theories and using the theories to form their own discovery of the double helix. -
Meselson & Stahl
Meselson & Stahl discovered how DNA replicates. They figure it out with the famous Meselson-Stahl Experiment which basically proves that each stand of DNA splits and serves as a template for the synthesis of a new and complementary stand of DNA. This method of DNA replication is known as the semi-conservative. this helped the science community because there was not a defiant way of DNA replication. The other 2 ways of DNA replication have not been proven to be accurate , But this one has been.
