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Article prevented congress from performing a "writ of habeas corpus—a court order to release a person accused of a crime to court to determine whether he or she has been legally detained". Also prevented conviction after a new law when the act was previously legal
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Section 8 described the explicit powers of Congress
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Lawsuits lead to the interpretation of "Necessary and Proper" to follow loose guidelines
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Gibbons vs Ogden showed that congress had power of interstate commerce, which expanded in future years
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Congress' power expended to determine the protection of expanded civil rights
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Congress gains power over how foreign warfare is approved and announced.
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Power expended to public healthcare regulations and provisions