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Period: to
Cold War
Democratic capitalistic America vs Dictatorial communist USSR -
Period: to
Truman's Administration
First to propose rights for Afican Americans
Fair Deal
COLD WAR -
Iron Curtain
Chuchill: "An iron curtain has descended"
fission between East germany and West Germany
Baltic>Mediterranean -
Truman Doctrine
Asked Congress for $400 million in economic and military aid to assist the "free"people of Greece and Turkey against "totalitaian" regimes
oversimplified problems -
CIA established
Central Intelligence Agency
devoted to collecting political, military, and economic info -
Containment
George Marshall, Dean Acheson, George F Kennan
"only a long-term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansiv tendencies" would cause the soviets to back off world domination and live in peace -
Period: to
Second Red Scare
Nativism
communist infiltration in the government
Loyalty Review Board
Un-American Activities Committee -
Marshall Plan/European Recovery Act
Economic assistance to Europe
Only accepted by Western Europe
west prospered, east crumbled -
Alger Hiss Trial
Whittaker chambers testified against Alger Hiss
official who assisted FDR in yalta -
Berlin Airlit
Soviets cut off all land access to Berlin
Truman ordered US planes to airlift supplies
blockade ended in May 1949 -
NATO formed
Military defense pact between Western European countries (and some others) -
McCarren internal Security ACt
Over Truman's veto
unlawful to advocate the establishment of a totalitarian government
restricted the rights of those joining communist front organiations
authorized detention camps for subversives -
Period: to
Korean War
Korea divided on 38th parallel
North invades south
US pushes north almost to China
General MacArthur wanted to push all the way
wasn't police action -
Period: to
Macarthy Hearings
Joseph McCarthy, Senator from Wisonsin
witch hunt
exposed on television and discredited -
Rosenberg Trial
Klaus Fuchs gave secrets of Manhattan project
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg last to be tried
found guilty of treason and hanged -
Brinkmanship
Secretary of State John Foster Dulles
assertive policy
used nuclear superiority
"push the enemy to the brink"
instant nuclear attack if war was declared -
Massive Retaliation
Secretary of State John Foster Dulles
greater reliance on nuclear weapons
mutual extincion
build up of nuclear weapons -
Period: to
Eisenhower's Administration
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Vietnam Divided
Divided @ 17th parallel
North-Ho Chi Minh/ communist
South-Ngo Dinh Diem/ not quite sure... but he was kinda bad too -
Geneva Conference
Stalin dies and US and USSR want to slowdown arms race
Eisenhower and Nikolai Bulganin
proposed open skies, but rejected
first thaw in cold war -
Suez crisis
Arabs vs Israelis
Gamal Nasser wanted to build an Aswan Dam
General gamal Nasser seized Suez Canal
threatened west's supply line to oil -
Sputnik
Launched first satellite into orbit -
Eisenhower Doctrine
Pledged economic and military aid to any middle eastern country threateneed by communism
Lebanon in 1958- 1400 marines to prevent outbreak of civil war -
Period: to
Space Race/ Arms Race
Begins with sputnik ends with man on moon
NDEA
NASA -
NASA formed
coordinate space exploration and missile development -
Cuban Revolution
Initially supported b/c hey, new countries
Then Fidel Castro implemented communist-like land reform -
Period: to
US Involvement in Vietnam (directly)
Prevent South Vietnam frombecoming communist
became larger and more costly
weakened US morale -
Bay of Pigs
JFK gave OK to use Cuban exiles to overthrow Castro
crazy unprepared and then surrender
Castro used invasion to get more aid from USSR -
Period: to
Kennedy's Administration
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Cuban Missile Crisis
Missiles in Cuba (obviously)
Naval blockade
Khrushchev agreed to remove missiles if Kennedy promised not to invade -
Period: to
Johnson's Administration
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Tonkin Gulf Resolution
alledgedly, NV gunboats fired on US forces
Johnson secured congressional authoriation for US forces
blank check to take all necessary measures to protect US interest -
Tet Offensive
Vietnam War not over
showed weakness of US troops
demoralized Americans
Johnson realizes the war's basically over -
Vietnamization
Richard Nixon
Gave Vietnmam war to the Vietnamese
gave SV the money, weapons, and training (advisors) -
Period: to
Nixon
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Nixon in Communist China
Nixon begins detente
met Mao
reduced cold war tensions -
War Powers Act
Required all future presidents to report to Congress 48 hours after taking military action
No more Vietnam -
Period: to
Ford
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Period: to
Carter